아프리칸 망고

The efficacy of Irvingia gabonensis supplementation in the management of overweight and obesity: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

1. J Diet Suppl. 2013 Mar;10(1):29-38. doi: 10.3109/19390211.2012.760508. The efficacy of Irvingia gabonensis supplementation in the management of overweight and obesity: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Onakpoya I(1), Davies L, Posadzki P, Ernst E. Author information: (1)Com

Indian Indigenous Fruits as Radioprotective Agents: Past, Present and Future.

1. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2022;22(1):53-63. doi: 10.2174/1871520621666210706124315. Indian Indigenous Fruits as Radioprotective Agents: Past, Present and Future. Kudva AK(1), Raghu SV(2), Rao S(3), Venkatesh P(4), Hegde SK(5), D'souza RK(4), Baliga-Rao MP(6), Simon P(4), Baliga MS(4). Author information: (1)Department of Biochemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Karnataka, 574199 India. (2)Neurogenetics Lab, Department of Applied Zoology, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Karnataka, 574199 India. (3)Radiation Oncology, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575002 India. (4)Research Unit, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575002 India. (5)Radiation Oncology, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575002 India. (6)Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Mangalore, 575002 India. Ionising radiation has been an important modality in cancer treatment and its value is immense when surgical intervention is risky or might debilitate/adversely affect the patient. However, the beneficial effect of radiation modality is negated by the damage to the adjacent healthy tissue in the field of radiation. Under these situations, the use of radioprotective compounds that can selectively protect normal tissues against radiation injury is considered very useful. However, research spanning over half a century has shown that there are no ideal radioprotectors available. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA or USFDA) approved amifostine, or WR-2721 (Walter Reed-2721) [chemically S-2-(3-aminopropyl-amino) ethyl phosphorothioic acid] is toxic at their optimal concentrations. This has necessitated the need for agents that are safe and easily acceptable to humans. BACKGROUND: Dietary agents with beneficial effects like free radical scavenging, antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects are being recognized as useful and have been investigated for their radioprotective properties. Studies in these lines have shown that the fruits of Aegle marmelos (stone apple or bael), Emblica officinalis or Phyllanthus emblica (Indian gooseberry/amla), Eugenia jambolana or Syzygium jambolana (black plum/jamun), Mangifera indica (mango) and Grewia asiatica (phalsa or falsa) that are originally reported to be indigenous to India have been investigated for their usefulness as radioprotective agents. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review is to summarize the beneficial effects of the Indian indigenous fruits, stone apple, mango, Indian gooseberry, black plum, and phalsa, in mitigating radiation-induced side effects, emphasize the underlying mechanism of action for the beneficial effects and address aspects that merit detail investigations for these fruits to move towards clinical application in the near future. METHODS: The authors data-mined Google Scholar, PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for publications in the field from 1981 up to July 2020. The focus was on the radioprotection and the mechanism responsible for the beneficial effects, and accordingly, the articles were collated and analyzed. RESULTS: This article emphasizes the usefulness of stone apple, mango, Indian gooseberry, black plum, and phalsa as radioprotective agents. From a mechanistic view, reports are suggestive that the beneficial effects are mediated by triggering free radical scavenging, antioxidant, anti-mutagenic and anti-inflammatory effects. CONCLUSION: For the first time, this review addresses the beneficial effects of mango, Indian gooseberry, black plum, stone apple and phalsa as radioprotective agents. The authors suggest that future studies should be directed at understanding the selective radioprotective effects with tumor-bearing laboratory animals to understand their usefulness as radioprotective drug/s during radiotherapy and as a food supplement to protect people from getting exposed to low doses of radiation in occupational settings. Phase I clinical trial studies are also required to ascertain the optimal dose and the schedule to be followed with the standardized extract of these fruits. The most important aspect is that these fruits, being a part of the diet, have been consumed since the beginning of mankind, are non-toxic, possess diverse medicinal properties, have easy acceptability, all of which will help take research forward and be of benefit to patients, occupational workers, agro-based sectors and pharma industries. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net. DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210706124315 PMID: 34229590 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Plant-Derived Natural Products for Dietary Intervention in Overweight and Obese Individuals: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

2. Phytother Res. 2025 May 26. doi: 10.1002/ptr.8490. Online ahead of print. Plant-Derived Natural Products for Dietary Intervention in Overweight and Obese Individuals: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. Wiyarta E(1), Budiman RA(2), Subroto DRT(3), Park MN(4), Mayulu N(5), Taslim NA(6), Tjandrawinata RR(7), Tallei TE(8), Hardinsyah H(9), Nurkolis F(10), Kim B(4)(11). Author information: (1)Intensive Care Unit, University of Indonesia Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. (2)Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. (3)Sebelas Maret University, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. (4)Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. (5)Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Muhammadiyah Manado University, Manado, Indonesia. (6)Division of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia. (7)Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. (8)Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado, Indonesia. (9)Division of Applied Nutrition, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia. (10)Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, State Islamic University of Sunan Kalijaga (UIN Sunan Kalijaga), Yogyakarta, Indonesia. (11)Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Growing rates of overweight and obesity worldwide call for novel approaches to treatment, and plant-derived natural products present a promising therapeutic option. Evaluate the efficacy of plant-derived natural products as dietary interventions for overweight and obesity through a systematic review and network meta-analysis. We conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. We searched from five databases and registries up to March 2024, selecting randomized controlled trials examining dietary interventions with plant-derived natural products for adults with obesity or overweight. The frequentist approach was used for the network meta-analysis, assessing 13 metabolic and obesity-related outcomes. Our review included 39 studies with 2513 participants with PROSPERO registration ID CRD42024520305. African Mango emerged as the most effective intervention, reducing body weight (MD: -10.00 kg, 95% CI: -16.74 to -3.26), waist circumference (MD: -11.70 cm, 95% CI: -17.15 to -6.25), total cholesterol (MD: -44.01 mg/dL, 95% CI: -58.95 to -29.08), triglycerides (MD: -42.65 mg/dL, 95% CI: -79.70 to -5.60), and random blood glucose (MD: -14.95 mg/dL, 95% CI: -18.60 to -11.30). Green coffee led to the largest reduction in body fat percentage (MD: -2.90%, 95% CI: -4.88 to -0.92) and BMI (MD: -3.08 kg/m2, 95% CI: -6.35 to 0.19). Ephedra was most effective in reducing fasting blood glucose (MD: -4.60 mg/dL, 95% CI: -5.49 to -3.71) and HOMA-IR (MD: -16.20, 95% CI: -18.66 to -13.74). There were too few direct comparisons between various metabolites; thus, most of the comparisons were indirect comparisons through placebo. Plant-derived natural products significantly impact obesity management, notably in body weight, waist circumference, and lipid profile reduction; however, further high-quality and rigorous studies were needed to establish the clinical efficacy of the plant-derived natural products. © 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8490 PMID: 40420357

Improving access to breast cancer screening and treatment in Nigeria: The triple mobile assessment and patient navigation model (NCT05321823): A study protocol.

3. PLoS One. 2023 Jun 13;18(6):e0284341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284341. eCollection 2023. Improving access to breast cancer screening and treatment in Nigeria: The triple mobile assessment and patient navigation model (NCT05321823): A study protocol. Omisore AD(1)(2), Olasehinde O(2)(3), Wuraola FO(2)(3), Sutton EJ(2)(4), Sevilimedu V(5), Omoyiola OZ(2)(6), Romanoff A(2)(7)(8), Owoade IA(2), Olaitan AF(2), Kingham TP(2)(7), Alatise OI(2)(3), Mango VL(2)(4). Author information: (1)Department of Radiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. (2)African Research Group for Oncology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. (3)Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. (4)Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America. (5)Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America. (6)Department of Morbid Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. (7)Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America. (8)Department of Global Health and Health System Design, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America. BACKGROUND: In Nigeria, breast cancer incidence is rising, late presentation is common, and outcomes are poor. Patient-related factors such as lack of awareness and misperceptions in addition to health system deficiencies such as lack of a clearly defined framework for breast cancer screening and referral are some of the major drivers of this poor outlook. Guidelines for breast cancer screening in high-income countries have limited applicability in low-middle-income countries, hence the need for innovative, resource-compatible strategies to combat the negative trend. This manuscript presents our study protocol which aims to evaluate the impact of a novel breast cancer early detection program developed to address delayed presentation and lack of access to diagnostic and treatment facilities in South-West Nigeria. This entails the use of mobile technology (innovative handheld iBreast Exam [iBE] device, mobile breast ultrasound, and mobile mammography) and patient navigation as interventions at the community level. METHODS: The study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05321823) will adopt a randomized two group clinical trial design with one local government area (LGA) serving as an intervention arm and another serving as the control. Both LGAs will receive breast cancer awareness education but only one will receive the interventions. In the intervention arm, asymptomatic (40-70 years) and symptomatic (30-70 years) women will be invited for breast evaluation which will be performed by trained Community Health Nurses using Clinical Breast Exam (CBE), and iBE. Those with positive findings will proceed to imaging using mobile mammography and ultrasound brought to the LGA every month. Symptomatic women with negative findings on CBE and iBE will be scheduled for repeat clinical evaluation on a short-term basis (one month). The Radiologist will obtain core needle biopsies as indicated and transfer them for prompt pathological assessment. Women presenting to the Primary Healthcare Centers in the control LGA will be referred directly to Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex as per the current standard of care. Records of all breast cancer cases seen in the two LGAs during the study period will be obtained. The program metrics will include screening participation rate, cancer detection rate, stage at diagnosis, and timeline from detection to initiation of treatment. The stage at diagnosis and timeline from detection to treatment compared between the two LGAs will be used to assess the impact of the intervention. The study is proposed for 2 years; however, a descriptive analysis will be carried out at 1.5 years to evaluate the retention of the study participants. STUDY SIGNIFICANCE: It is anticipated that this study will provide vital data to support wider breast cancer screening efforts in Nigeria. Copyright: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284341 PMCID: PMC10263304 PMID: 37310983 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Does Vitamin D Provide Added Benefit to Antihypertensive Therapy in Reducing Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Determined by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance?

4. Am J Hypertens. 2023 Jan 1;36(1):50-62. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpac096. Does Vitamin D Provide Added Benefit to Antihypertensive Therapy in Reducing Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Determined by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance? Levy PD(1)(2), Twiner MJ(1)(2), Brody AM(1)(2), Dawood R(1)(2), Reed B(1)(2), Mango L(1)(2), Gowland L(1), Grandits G(3), Svendsen K(3), Haacke EM(4), Li T(5), Zhang L(2)(6), McNaughton CD(7), Flack JM(8). Author information: (1)Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA. (2)Emergency Medicine, Integrative Biosciences Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA. (3)Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. (4)Department of Radiology and College of Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA. (5)Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. (6)Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA. (7)Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and the Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System VA Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. (8)Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, Illinois, USA. BACKGROUND: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and vitamin D deficiency have been linked to hypertension (HTN) and cardiovascular disease, particularly in African Americans (AAs). Our objective was to determine if the addition of vitamin D to antihypertensive therapy would lead to greater regression of LV mass index (LVMI) as determined by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) after 1 year in vitamin D deficient AA patients with uncontrolled HTN and LVH. METHODS: This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-center study. AA patients with HTN (systolic blood pressure [BP] >160 mm Hg), increased LVMI, and vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml) were randomized. All patients received antihypertensive therapy combined with biweekly 50,000 IU vitamin D3 (vitamin D group, n = 55) or placebo (placebo group, n = 58). RESULTS: At 1 year, there were no statistical differences between the vitamin D and placebo groups in LVMI (-14.1 ± 14.6 vs. -16.9 ± 13.1 g/m2; P = 0.34) or systolic BP (-25.6 ± 32.1 vs. -25.7 ± 25.6 mm Hg; P = 0.99) reduction, respectively. Serum vitamin D levels increased significantly in the vitamin D group compared with placebo (12.7 ± 2.0 vs. 1.8 ± 8.2 ng/ml; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In this high-risk cohort of AAs we did not find an association between vitamin D supplementation and differential regression of LVMI or reduction in systolic BP. However, our study suffered from a small sample size with low statistical power precluding a definitive conclusion on the therapeutic benefit of vitamin D in such patients. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: Trial Number NCT01360476. Full trial protocol is available from corresponding author. © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpac096 PMCID: PMC9793986 PMID: 36008108 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Menthol versus non-menthol flavouring and switching to e-cigarettes in black and Latinx adult menthol combustible cigarette smokers: secondary analyses from a randomised clinical trial.

5. Tob Control. 2023 Nov;32(6):786-789. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-057180. Epub 2022 Mar 29. Menthol versus non-menthol flavouring and switching to e-cigarettes in black and Latinx adult menthol combustible cigarette smokers: secondary analyses from a randomised clinical trial. Nollen NL(1), Leavens ELS(2), Ahluwalia JS(3), Rice M(4), Mayo MS(5), Pulvers K(6). Author information: (1)Department of Population Health, University of Kansas School of Medicine and the University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA nnollen@kumc.edu. (2)Department of Population Health, University of Kansas School of Medicine and the University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA. (3)Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Alpert Medical School, and Legorreta Cancer Center, Providence, Rhode Island, USA. (4)Neuroscience Interdepartmental Graduate Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA. (5)Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas School of Medicine and the University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA. (6)Psychology, California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, California, USA. BACKGROUND: As the US Food and Drug Administration takes regulatory action on menthol cigarettes, debate continues about how restricting menthol e-liquids might impact adult menthol smokers in switching to e-cigarettes. METHODS: Switching patterns and e-cigarette acceptability were assessed at week 6 among 64 black and Latinx menthol cigarette smokers who used JUUL menthol (n=39) or non-menthol e-cigarettes ((n=25), primarily mint or mango) as part of a randomised switching trial. RESULTS: No clear evidence of effects was found between menthol versus non-menthol e-cigarettes on use or subjective effects/acceptability, effect sizes for all comparisons were small (effect size=0.0-0.2), and Bayes factor ranged from 0.10 to 0.15. Specifically, 82.1% of participants who used menthol-flavoured e-cigarettes fully or partially switched to e-cigarettes compared with 88.0% of participants who used a non-menthol (p=0.75). Further, both groups demonstrated substantial reductions in cigarettes per day (menthol e-cigarettes: -8.5±10.4 vs non-menthol e-cigarettes: -8.8±5.8, p=0.87), comparable grams of e-liquid consumed (menthol e-cigarettes: 9.2±9.8 g vs non-menthol e-cigarettes: 11.0±11.0 g, p=0.47), and positive subjective effects, including 'just right' throat hit (menthol e-cigarettes: 70.7% vs non-menthol e-cigarettes: 66.7%, p=0.93) and flavour liking (menthol e-cigarettes: 75.6% vs non-menthol e-cigarettes: 66.7%, p=0.32). CONCLUSIONS: Both menthol and non-menthol e-cigarettes were associated with high rates of use and acceptability among menthol smokers. Findings require confirmation in a fully powered non-inferiority or equivalence study but provide preliminary evidence to inform regulatory action on menthol e-cigarettes that could slow youth initiation without impacting black and Latinx menthol cigarette smokers interested in switching to e-cigarettes. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03511001. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-057180 PMCID: PMC10246471 PMID: 35351805 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Competing interests: JA received sponsored funds for travel expenses as a speaker for the 2021 annual GTNF conference. He also serves as a consultant, and has equity, in a start-up company Respira Technologies.

Efficacy of enhanced emergency department discharge for chronic hypertension management - Results of a randomized controlled trial.

6. Contemp Clin Trials Commun. 2020 Jul 18;19:100613. doi: 10.1016/j.conctc.2020.100613. eCollection 2020 Sep. Efficacy of enhanced emergency department discharge for chronic hypertension management - Results of a randomized controlled trial. Gleason Comstock J(1)(2)(3), Janisse J(1), Streater A(3), Brody A(4)(5), Goodman A(6), Zhang L(1)(5), Mango L(5), Dawood R(5), Costello W(1)(2)(3), Patton S(1), Paranjpe A(1)(2)(7), Welsh C(8), Welch R(2)(4), Levy P(2)(4)(5). Author information: (1)Department of Family Medicine & Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 3939 Woodward, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA. (2)Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 421 E Canfield St. Detroit, MI 48201, USA. (3)Center for Urban Studies, Wayne State University, 700 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA. (4)Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 4201 St. Antoine, UHC-6G, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA. (5)Wayne State University Integrative Biosciences Center (iBIO), 6135 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA. (6)Department of Economics, Wayne State University 656 Kirby St, 2074 FAB, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA. (7)Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA. (8)Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Secchia Center, 15 Michigan St NE, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA. INTRODUCTION: AchieveBP is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of an education intervention for patients with chronic hypertension who have uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) at discharge from an urban emergency department (ED). The study examined efficacy and moderators of an educational intervention in an RCT on BP control at 180-day post-intervention. METHODS: Participants were recruited from a single, urban ED and randomized to receive or not to receive hypertension education. To minimize potential bias, participants were all started on an evidence-based anti-hypertensive regimen and medications were dispensed directly to participants by the study team. Bivariate analysis was performed to examine differences in sociodemographic characteristics between patients achieving BP control and those who did not. Paired t-test was used to compare the difference of systolic and diastolic BP between baseline and 180 days post-discharge. Multiple logistic regression analysis examined interaction of covariates and intervention on achieving BP control. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-nine participants were randomized into the study. All were African-American with a mean age of 47.6 (SD = 10.8) years; 51% were male, 63% had smoked cigarettes and 15% had diabetes. A total of 66 patients completed the study (47.4%), 44 of whom (67%) achieved BP control. However, there was no difference in BP reduction or control between the two groups. Age and smoking status showed moderation effects on intervention efficacy. CONCLUSION: Despite a neutral effect of our intervention, a high level of BP control was achieved overall, suggesting that the ED may be a viable location for efforts aimed at reducing the impact of chronic hypertension in predominantly African American communities. © 2020 Published by Elsevier Inc. DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2020.100613 PMCID: PMC7387778 PMID: 32743119

Effect of Irvingia gabonensis on Metabolic Syndrome, Insulin Sensitivity, and Insulin Secretion.

7. J Med Food. 2018 Jun;21(6):568-574. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2017.0092. Epub 2018 Jan 16. Effect of Irvingia gabonensis on Metabolic Syndrome, Insulin Sensitivity, and Insulin Secretion. Méndez-Del Villar M(1), González-Ortiz M(1), Martínez-Abundis E(1), Pérez-Rubio KG(1), Cortez-Navarrete M(1). Author information: (1)Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Physiology Department, Health Science University Center, University of Guadalajara , Guadalajara, Mexico . The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Irvingia gabonensis on metabolic syndrome (MetS), insulin sensitivity, and insulin secretion. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed in 24 patients with MetS in accordance with the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Twelve patients received I. gabonensis (150 mg) twice a day during 90 days, and 12 patients received placebo. Glucose and insulin concentrations were measured during a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test. Also, lipid profile, creatinine, uric acid, and hepatic enzymes were determined. The area under the curve (AUC) of glucose and insulin, total insulin secretion, first phase of insulin secretion, and insulin sensitivity were calculated. Data were tested using non-parametric tests. The Ethics Committee approved the protocol. After I. gabonensis administration, significant decreases in waist circumference (WC) (94.0 ± 8.0 vs. 91.0 ± 8.2 cm, P < .01), glucose 90' (10.0 ± 2.5 vs. 8.6 ± 2.7 mmol/L, P < .05), glucose 120' (8.8 ± 2.4 vs. 7.6 ± 2.7 mmol/L, P < .05), triglycerides (2.5 ± 1.2 vs. 2.0 ± 1.1 mmol/L, P < .05), very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) (0.5 ± 0.2 vs. 0.4 ± 0.2 mmol/L, P < .05), and AUC of glucose (694 ± 142 vs. 629 ± 172 mmol/L/min, P < .05) were found. Seven patients (58.3%) of the I. gabonensis group showed remission of MetS and two patients (16.7%) of the placebo group (P = .045). I. gabonensis lead to remission of MetS in 58.3% of the patients and significantly decreased WC, glucose 90', glucose 120', triglycerides, VLDL, and AUC of glucose. DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.0092 PMID: 29336718 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Willingness to pay and willingness to accept in a patient-centered blood pressure control study.

8. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017 Aug 7;17(1):538. doi: 10.1186/s12913-017-2451-5. Willingness to pay and willingness to accept in a patient-centered blood pressure control study. Gleason-Comstock J(1)(2)(3), Streater A(4), Goodman A(5), Janisse J(6), Brody A(7)(8)(9), Mango L(7)(10)(9), Dawood R(7)(10)(9), Levy P(11)(7)(10)(9). Author information: (1)Department of Family Medicine & Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 3939 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA. jgleason@med.wayne.edu. (2)Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 421 E. Canfield St, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA. jgleason@med.wayne.edu. (3)Center for Urban Studies, Wayne State University, 5700 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA. jgleason@med.wayne.edu. (4)Center for Urban Studies, Wayne State University, 5700 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA. (5)Department of Economics, Wayne State University, 656 W. Kirby St., 2074 FAB, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA. (6)Department of Family Medicine & Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 3939 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA. (7)Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University, 4201 St. Antoine, UHC-6G, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA. (8)Detroit Medical Center, Sinai Grace Hospital, 6071 W. Outer Drive, Detroit, MI, 48235, USA. (9)Integrative Biosciences Center (iBIO), Wayne State University, 6135 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA. (10)Detroit Medical Center, Detroit Receiving Hospital, 4201 St. Antoine Blvd, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA. (11)Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 421 E. Canfield St, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA. BACKGROUND: Elevated blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke but patients often discount recommended behavioral changes and prescribed medications. While effective interventions to promote adherence have been developed, cost-effectiveness from the patient's perspective, has not been well studied. The valuation of patient time and out of pocket expenses should be included while performing cost effectiveness evaluation. The Achieve BP study uses the contingent valuation method to assess willingness to accept (WTA) and willingness to pay (WTP) among patients with a history of uncontrolled blood pressure discharged from an urban emergency department and enrolled in a larger randomized controlled trial. METHODS: WTA and WTP were assessed by asking patients a series of questions about time and travel costs and time value related to their study participation. A survey was conducted during the final study visit with patients to investigate the effectiveness of a kiosk-based educational intervention on blood pressure control. All study patients, regardless of study arm, received the same clinical protocol of commonly prescribed antihypertensive medication and met with research clinicians four times as part of the study procedures. RESULTS: Thirty-eight patients were offered the opportunity to participate in the cost-effectiveness study and all completed the survey. Statistical comparisons revealed these 38 patients were similar in representation to the entire RCT study population. All 38 (100.0%) were African-American, with an average age of 49.1 years; 55.3% were male, 21.1% were married, 78.9% had a high school or higher education, and 44.7% were working. 55.9% did not have a primary care provider and 50.0% did not have health insurance. Time price linear regression analysis was performed to estimate predictors of WTA and WTP. CONCLUSIONS: WTP and WTA may generate different results, and the elasticities were proportional to the estimated coefficients, with WTP about twice as responsive as WTA. An additional feature for health services research was successful piloting in a clinical setting of a brief patient-centered cost effectiveness survey. TRIAL REGISTRATION: https://clinicaltrials.gov . Registration Number NCT02069015 . Registered February 19, 2014 (Retrospectively registered). DOI: 10.1186/s12913-017-2451-5 PMCID: PMC5547517 PMID: 28784120 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE: Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA Institutional Review Board (IRB) Medical Full Board approval (IRB#050213M1F) with consent to participate was received July 23, 2013. The design and conduct of the study adheres to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting (CONSORT) guidelines. CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION: Not applicable. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER’S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Patient education and follow-up as an intervention for hypertensive patients discharged from an emergency department: a randomized control trial study protocol.

9. BMC Emerg Med. 2015 Dec 21;15:38. doi: 10.1186/s12873-015-0052-3. Patient education and follow-up as an intervention for hypertensive patients discharged from an emergency department: a randomized control trial study protocol. Gleason-Comstock J(1)(2)(3), Streater A(4), Ager J(5), Goodman A(6), Brody A(7), Kivell L(8), Paranjpe A(9), Vickers J(10)(11), Mango L(12), Dawood R(13), Levy P(14)(15). Author information: (1)Department of Family Medicine & Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 3939 Woodward Ave., 48201, Detroit, MI, USA. jgleason@med.wayne.edu. (2)Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 421 E. Canfield St., 48201, Detroit, MI, USA. jgleason@med.wayne.edu. (3)Center for Urban Studies, Wayne State University, 5700 Cass Ave., 48202, Detroit, MI, USA. jgleason@med.wayne.edu. (4)Center for Urban Studies, Wayne State University, 5700 Cass Ave., 48202, Detroit, MI, USA. astreater@wayne.edu. (5)Department of Family Medicine & Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 3939 Woodward Ave., 48201, Detroit, MI, USA. jager@med.wayne.edu. (6)Department of Economics, Wayne State University, 656 W. Kirby St., 2074 FAB, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA. allen.goodman@wayne.edu. (7)Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University, 4201 St. Antoine, UHC-6G, 48201, Detroit, MI, USA. ABrody@dmc.org. (8)Center for Urban Studies, Wayne State University, 5700 Cass Ave., 48202, Detroit, MI, USA. fb8351@wayne.edu. (9)Department of Family Medicine & Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 3939 Woodward Ave., 48201, Detroit, MI, USA. aparanjpe@med.wayne.edu. (10)Department of Family Medicine & Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 3939 Woodward Ave., 48201, Detroit, MI, USA. jvickers@med.wayne.edu. (11)Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 421 E. Canfield St., 48201, Detroit, MI, USA. jvickers@med.wayne.edu. (12)Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University, 4201 St. Antoine, UHC-6G, 48201, Detroit, MI, USA. lmmango@med.wayne.edu. (13)Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University, 4201 St. Antoine, UHC-6G, 48201, Detroit, MI, USA. rdawood@med.wayne.edu. (14)Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 421 E. Canfield St., 48201, Detroit, MI, USA. plevy@med.wayne.edu. (15)Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University, 4201 St. Antoine, UHC-6G, 48201, Detroit, MI, USA. plevy@med.wayne.edu. BACKGROUND: Persistently elevated blood pressure (BP) is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease development, making effective hypertension management an issue of considerable public health importance. Hypertension is particularly prominent among African Americans, who have higher disease prevalence and consistently lower BP control than Whites and Hispanics. Emergency departments (ED) have limited resources for chronic disease management, especially for under-served patients dependent upon the ED for primary care, and are not equipped to conduct follow-up. Kiosk-based patient education has been found to be effective in primary care settings, but little research has been done on the effectiveness of interactive patient education modules as ED enhanced discharge for an under-served urban minority population. METHODS/DESIGN: Achieving Blood Pressure Control Through Enhanced Discharge (AchieveBP) is a behavioral RCT patient education intervention for patients with a history of hypertension who have uncontrolled BP at ED discharge. The project will recruit up to 200 eligible participants at the ED, primarily African-American, who will be asked to return to a nearby clinical research center for seven, thirty and ninety day visits, with a 180 day follow-up. Consenting participants will be randomized to either an attention-control or kiosk-based interactive patient education intervention. To control for potential medication effects, all participants will be prescribed similar, evidenced-based anti-hypertensive regimens and have their prescription filled onsite at the ED and during visits to the clinic. The primary target endpoint will be success in achieving BP control assessed at 180 days follow-up post-ED discharge. The secondary aim will be to assess the relationship between patient activation and self-care management. DISCUSSION: The AchieveBP trial will determine whether using interactive patient education delivered through health information technology as ED enhanced discharge with subsequent education sessions at a clinic is an effective strategy for achieving short-term patient management of BP. The project is innovative in that it uses the ED as an initial point of service for kiosk-based health education designed to increase BP self-management. It is anticipated findings from this translational research could also be used as a resource for patient education and follow-up with hypertensive patients in primary care settings. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov. REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02069015. Registered February 19, 2014. DOI: 10.1186/s12873-015-0052-3 PMCID: PMC4687379 PMID: 26691646 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

African mango (IGOB131): a proprietary seed extract of Irvingia gabonensis is found to be effective in reducing body weight and improving metabolic parameters in overweight humans.

10. Holist Nurs Pract. 2011 Jul-Aug;25(4):215-7. doi: 10.1097/HNP.0b013e318222735a. African mango (IGOB131): a proprietary seed extract of Irvingia gabonensis is found to be effective in reducing body weight and improving metabolic parameters in overweight humans. Ross SM(1). Author information: (1)College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, 1505 Race St., Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA. smr49@drexel.edu DOI: 10.1097/HNP.0b013e318222735a PMID: 21697664 [Indexed for MEDLINE]