호로파 (남성 호르몬)
Fenugreek (Testosterone)
📚 관련 논문 (19편)
1. Phytother Res. 2020 Jul;34(7):1550-1555. doi: 10.1002/ptr.6627. Epub 2020 Feb 11. Effect of fenugreek extract supplement on testosterone levels in male: A meta-analysis of clinical trials. Mansoori A(1), Hosseini S(1)(2), Zilaee M(1)(2), Hormoznejad R(3), Fathi M(3). Author information: (1)N
2. PLoS One. 2024 Sep 17;19(9):e0310170. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310170. eCollection 2024. Effect of a plant extract of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) on testosterone in blood plasma and saliva in a double blind randomized controlled intervention study. Lee-Ødegård S(1), Gundersen TE(
3. Int J Sports Med. 2023 Sep;44(10):692-703. doi: 10.1055/a-2048-5925. Epub 2023 May 30. The Anabolic Effect of Fenugreek: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis. Isenmann E(1)(2), Alisauskas P(1), Flenker U(1), Schalla J(1), Diel P(1). Author information: (1)Institute for Cardiovascular Resear
4. Adv Nutr. 2021 Jun 1;12(3):744-765. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmaa134. Examining the Effects of Herbs on Testosterone Concentrations in Men: A Systematic Review. Smith SJ(1)(2), Lopresti AL(1)(2), Teo SYM(2), Fairchild TJ(2). Author information: (1)Clinical Research Australia, Perth, Western Aust
1. Food Chem. 2025 Jun 15;477:143630. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.143630. Epub 2025 Feb 26. Improving quercetin bioavailability: A systematic review and meta-analysis of human intervention studies. Liu L(1), Barber E(1), Kellow NJ(2), Williamson G(3). Author information: (1)Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 264 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia; Victorian Heart Institute, Victorian Heart Hospital, 631 Blackburn Road, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia. (2)Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 264 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia. (3)Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 264 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia; Victorian Heart Institute, Victorian Heart Hospital, 631 Blackburn Road, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia. Electronic address: gary.williamson1@monash.edu. This systematic review evaluated a total of 31 included human intervention studies that have assessed methods to improve quercetin bioavailability from different formulations and food matrices using urine or blood samples up to July 2024. The bioavailability of quercetin in humans was affected by several factors. 1) Chemical structure: Quercetin-3-O-oligoglucosides exhibited 2-fold higher bioavailability than quercetin-3-O-glucoside, 10-fold higher than quercetin-3-O-rutinoside and ∼ 20-fold higher than quercetin aglycone. 2) Modification of physicochemical properties: In comparison to quercetin aglycone, the quercetin-3-O-glucoside-γ-cyclodextrin inclusion complex showed a 10.8-fold increase in bioavailability, while the self-emulsifying fenugreek galactomannans and lecithin encapsulation, and lecithin phytosome, showed a 62- and 20.1-fold increase, respectively. 3) Food matrix effects: the addition of dietary fats and fibre increased bioavailability by ∼2-fold. This review summarises key factors that enhance quercetin bioavailability, contributing to the development of more effective and practical quercetin supplements or functional foods for better bioactivity of quercetin in humans. Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.143630 PMID: 40037045 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Gary Williamson reports a relationship with Access Business Group LLC West Coast Office that includes: consulting or advisory and funding grants. Gary Williamson reports a relationship with The Product Makers, Australia that includes: funding grants. Other authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
2. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res. 2024;16(3):184-193. doi: 10.34172/jcvtr.33231. Epub 2024 Sep 20. The effect of Fenugreek seed dry extract supplement on glycemic indices, lipid profile, and prooxidant-antioxidant balance in patients with type 2 diabetes: A double-blind randomized clinical trial. Chehregosha F(1)(2), Maghsoumi-Norouzabad L(3), Mobasseri M(4), Fakhr L(1)(2), Tarighat-Esfanjani A(2). Author information: (1)Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. (2)Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. (3)Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. (4)Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. INTRODUCTION: This study aims to determine the effects of fenugreek seed dry extract (FDE) on the glycemic indices, lipid profile, and prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS: A double-blind randomized clinical trial was carried out on 54 individuals with T2D. Participants were randomly assigned to a FDE group (received 3 tablets containing 335 mg of FDE daily for 8 weeks) or a placebo group (received tablets containing microcrystalline cellulose). Anthropometric indices, physical activity, diet, fasting blood sugar (FBS), serum insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), and PAB were assessed. RESULTS: An eight-week intake of 3 tablets containing 335 mg of FDE decreased serum insulin (P=0.016, P<0.001), HOMA-IR (P=0.009, P<0.001), TG (P<0.001, P=0.001), and PAB (P<0.001, P<0.001) compared to the baseline, in both placebo and intervention groups respectively. TC decreased significantly compared to the baseline in the placebo group (P=0.028), while HDL-C increased in the FDE group compared to the baseline (P<0.001) and placebo group (P=0.014). CONCLUSION: In the present study even though changes of parameters were more in intervention group compared to the control group, we did not observe any significant differences between studied groups except for HDL-C. However, the effects might become apparent with a higher dosage, longer study duration, or a larger sample size compared to the placebo group. Further clinical trials are needed in this regard. © 2024 The Author(s). DOI: 10.34172/jcvtr.33231 PMCID: PMC11489642 PMID: 39430281 Conflict of interest statement: The authors declared no potential conflict of interest.
3. Heliyon. 2024 Aug 22;10(17):e36649. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36649. eCollection 2024 Sep 15. Therapeutic effect of fenugreek supplementation on type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Vajdi M(1), Noshadi N(2), Bonyadian A(3), Golpour-Hamedani S(1), Alipour B(4), Pourteymour Fard Tabrizi F(4), Abbasalizad-Farhangi M(5), Askari G(1). Author information: (1)Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. (2)Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. (3)Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. (4)Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. (5)Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. INTRODUCTION: Numerous clinical trials have investigated the effects of fenugreek, a traditional herbal medicine, on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the results from these studies have been inconsistent. Therefore, we aimed to perform a meta-analysis on the effects of fenugreek supplementation on weight, body mass index (BMI), lipid profile, and glycemic indices in patients with T2DM. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases to identify clinical trial studies until October 2023. The data were analyzed using a random-effects model and presented as the weighted mean difference (WMD) along with the associated 95 % confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: A total of 19 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results indicated a significant impact of fenugreek supplementation on lowering fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (WMD: 20.32 mg/dl; 95 % CI: 26.65 to -13.99), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) (WMD: 0.54 %; 95 % CI: 0.80 to -0.28), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD: 0.36; 95 % CI: 0.67 to -0.05), total cholesterol (TC) (WMD: 33.10 mg/dL; 95 % CI: 64.31 to -1.88), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (WMD: 29.14 mg/dL; 95 % CI: 55.45 to -2.83), BMI (WMD: 0.73 kg/m2; 95 % CI: 1.40 to -0.07), and increasing the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (WMD: 5.68 mg/dL; 95 % CI: 3.51 to 7.85). However, the effect on fasting insulin, triglycerides, and weight was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Fenugreek supplementation has been shown to improve FPG, HbA1C, HOMA-IR, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, and BMI in patients with T2DM. The overall results suggest that fenugreek may have protective and therapeutic effects on T2DM parameters. © 2024 The Authors. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36649 PMCID: PMC11403534 PMID: 39286181 Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
4. J Dairy Sci. 2023 Dec;106(12):9807-9821. doi: 10.3168/jds.2023-23549. Epub 2023 Aug 23. Plant polyphenol extract supplementation affects performance, welfare, and the Nrf2-oxidative stress response in adipose tissue of heat-stressed dairy cows. Daddam JR(1), Daniel D(2), Kra G(2), Pelech I(3), Portnick Y(1), Moallem U(1), Lavon Y(4), Zachut M(5). Author information: (1)Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Science, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel. (2)Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Science, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel; Department of Animal Science, the Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100001, Israel. (3)Department of Cattle, Extension Service, Ministry of Agriculture, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel. (4)Israeli Cattle Board Association, Caesarea 38900, Israel. (5)Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Science, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel. Electronic address: mayak@volcani.agri.gov.il. We examined the effects of a supplement of plant polyphenols extracts of green tea, capsicum, and fenugreek, and electrolytes ([Na+, K+]; AXT, Axion ThermoPlus, CCPA, France] during summer heat load on production, welfare, and oxidative stress proteins in adipose tissue (AT) of dairy cows. A total of 42 multiparous mid-lactation cows were divided into 3 groups during summer, and were fed for 2 wk either a standard milking cow diet (CTL, n = 14) or diets supplemented with 100 g/d of AXT (100AXT, n = 14), or 150 g/d of AXT (150AXT, n = 14), while being cooled 5 times a day. Then, half of the cows from each dietary treatment were cooled (CL) or not cooled (NCL) for 2 wk, after which the cooled and uncooled groups were switched for additional 2 wk. Cows were milked 3 times a day, and milk composition was analyzed at the end of each 2-wk period. Vaginal temperature (VT) was measured for 3 consecutive days in each period. Biopsies of subcutaneous AT were taken from 10 NCL cows (5 each of CTL and 150AXT) at the end of the period and examined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry proteomics analysis. Data were analyzed with PROC MIXED of SAS (version 9.2, SAS Institute Inc.). The model included the effects of dietary treatment, cooling regimen, period, and their interactions. Protein and mRNA abundances and proteomic data (P ≤ 0.05 and fold change [FC] ± 1.5) were analyzed by t-test. Milk yields and 4% fat-corrected milk (FCM) were higher in 100AXT than in CTL; milk components were not different. Dry matter intake (DMI) was higher in 100AXT than in CTL. The effect of cooling and the interactions of period × cooling were significant for DMI, 4% FCM, energy-corrected milk, and milk/DMI. The proportion of time that VT was >39°C was lower in 100AXT and in 150AXT than in CTL. Daily rumination time was greater in 150AXT than in CTL, and lying time was greater in 100AXT and 150AXT than in CTL. Proteomics of AT demonstrated that 150AXT had increased abundances of peroxidasin (FC = 1.6), microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2 (FC = 2.5), and heme oxygenase 1 (FC = 3.6) compared with CTL. Top enriched canonical pathways included acute phase response signaling, Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress response, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/IL-1-mediated inhibition of RXR function. Immunoblots of AT showed a higher abundance of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and of LPS binding protein in AT of 150AXT compared with CTL. Supplementation of AXT increased DMI, milk, and 4% FCM, lowered VT, improved welfare indices, and enriched the AT with Nrf2-oxidative stress response and acute phase response proteins in heat-stressed dairy cows. © 2023, The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. and Fass Inc. on behalf of the American Dairy Science Association®. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23549 PMID: 37641328 [Indexed for MEDLINE]
5. Pharmacol Res. 2023 Jan;187:106594. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106594. Epub 2022 Dec 5. Effects of fenugreek supplementation on the components of metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Fakhr L(1), Chehregosha F(1), Zarezadeh M(1), Chaboksafar M(1), Tarighat-Esfanjani A(2). Author information: (1)Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, the Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, the Islamic Republic of Iran. (2)Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, the Islamic Republic of Iran. Electronic address: tarighata@tbzmed.ac.ir. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic disorders with a heavy disease burden. Fenugreek was reported to be effective in some components of MetS. Therefore, a comprehensive review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted to study the effects of fenugreek on MetS indices. From the beginning until August 2022, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of science were searched. Data were analyzed using the random-effect model, and presented as weighted mean difference (WMD) and associated 95 % confidence interval (CI). This meta-analysis comprised from a total of 29 eligible RCTs with 31 arms measuring fasting plasma glucose (FPG), Triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The results indicated significant improving effects of fenugreek on FPG (WMD: -16.75 mg/dL; 95 % CI: -23.36, -10.15; P < 0.001), TG (-20.12 mg/dL; 95 % CI: -34.238, -5.994; P < 0.001), HDL (WMD: 3.55 mg/dL; 95 % CI: 1.98, 5.12; P < 0.001), WC (WMD: -2.51; 95 % CI: -3.78, -1.24; P < 0.001) and SBP (WMD: -3.45 mmHg; 95 % CI: -6.38, -0.52; P = 0.021); However the effect on DBP (WMD: 3.17; 95 % CI: -5.40, 11.73; P = 0.469) and BMI (WMD: -0.40 kg/m2; 95 % CI: -1.114, 0.324; P = 0.281) was not significant. Administration of fenugreek can meaningfully reduce FPG, TG, WC, and SBP and increase HDL. The overall results support possible protective and therapeutic effects of fenugreek on MetS parameters. Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier Ltd. DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106594 PMID: 36470549 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Conflict of interest The authors declare no conflict of interest.
6. J Nutr Sci. 2022 Sep 9;11:e74. doi: 10.1017/jns.2022.72. eCollection 2022. Enhanced bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of a novel hybrid-hydrogel formulation of fisetin orally administered in healthy individuals: a randomised double-blinded comparative crossover study. Krishnakumar IM(1), Jaja-Chimedza A(2), Joseph A(1), Balakrishnan A(1), Maliakel B(1), Swick A(2). Author information: (1)R & D Centre Akay Natural Ingredients, Ambunad, Malaidamthuruth P. O., Cochin, Kerala 683561, India. (2)Life Extension, 3600 W Commercial Blvd, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33309, USA. Fisetin, a polyphenol found in several fruits and vegetables, has shown potential health benefits in many pre-clinical studies for neuroprotection, cardioprotection, chemoprevention, diabetes, inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the clinical effectiveness of fisetin may be limited by its poor bioavailability when ingested. Using a novel green technology of Hybrid-FENUMAT™, a food-grade fisetin formulation (FF-20) was developed through encapsulation of fisetin micelles into fenugreek galactomannan (FG) hydrogel scaffold to improve its physical characteristics and bioavailability. This is the first human pharmacokinetic study of fisetin following a single-dose, comparative, double-blinded, cross-over protocol, supplementing with FF-20 and unformulated fisetin (UF). Fifteen healthy volunteers were given a single dose of 1000 mg UF or 1000 mg FF-20 (delivering 192 mg fisetin) with a 10-d washout period between each dose. Blood samples were taken at 0⋅5, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8 and 12 h after both days of supplementation to quantify fisetin and geraldol, an active metabolite. The plasma concentration of fisetin when individuals consumed FF-20 was 26⋅9-fold greater than UF as determined by the area under the curve over 12 h [AUC0–12 h (FF-20) = 341⋅4 v. AUC0–12 h (UF) = 12⋅67]. The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was also more than twenty-three times higher when supplemented with FF-20 (238⋅2 ng/ml) compared to UF (9⋅97 ng/ml). The encapsulation also reduced the amount of conversion of fisetin to geraldol. No adverse events were reported during the study. Therefore, the encapsulation of fisetin into FG dietary fibre hydrogel scaffold could improve its delivery and bioavailability in human subjects. [Figure: see text] DOI: 10.1017/jns.2022.72 PMCID: PMC9574875 PMID: 36304817 [Indexed for MEDLINE]
7. Phytother Res. 2023 Jan;37(1):285-294. doi: 10.1002/ptr.7612. Epub 2022 Oct 5. The effects of fenugreek seed extract supplementation in patients with Alzheimer's disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Foroumandi E(1)(2), Javan R(3), Moayed L(4), Fahimi H(5), Kheirabadi F(6), Neamatshahi M(7), Shogofteh F(8), Zarghi A(9). Author information: (1)Iranian Research Center on Healthy Aging, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran. (2)Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran. (3)Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran. (4)M.Sc. Geriatric Nursing, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran. (5)Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran. (6)Rehabilitation Counseling Charity Foundation Mother's Nursing Home, Sabzevar, Iran. (7)Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran. (8)Department of Medical Nursing, School of Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (9)M.Sc. in Nursing Care, Non- Communicable Diseases Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran. The aim of the current randomized control trial (RCT) study was to investigate the effects of fenugreek seed extract on memory, depression, quality of life, blood pressure, and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels in adult AD patients. This randomized clinical trial was conducted in geriatric homes in Iran. The study participants included 82 AD patients with mild-to-moderate memory deficit. Patients in the intervention group received 5 cc of fenugreek seed extract for 4 months and subjects in the control group received a placebo. Memory, depression, quality of life, and BP levels, as well as serum MDA and TAC, were assessed before and after the intervention. There was a significant increase in serum levels of TAC (p < 0.001) and a reduction in serum MDA status (p < 0.001) after 4 months of fenugreek seed extract supplementation. In addition, increasing levels of memory (p < 0.001) and quality of life (p < 0.001), as well as reduction of depression (p = 0.002), systolic BP (p < 0.001), and diastolic BP (p < 0.001) levels were detected in the intervention group compared with baseline. Fenugreek seed extract supplementation in AD patients shows promising positive effects on memory, quality of life, BP, and selective oxidative indices levels. © 2022 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7612 PMID: 36199177 [Indexed for MEDLINE]
8. J Food Biochem. 2020 Dec;44(12):e13507. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.13507. Epub 2020 Oct 6. Efficacy of a novel extract of fenugreek seeds in alleviating vasomotor symptoms and depression in perimenopausal women: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. Khanna A(1), John F(2), Das S(2), Thomas J(3), Rao J(3), Maliakel B(2), Im K(2). Author information: (1)Aman Hospital and Research Center, Vadodara, Gujarat, India. (2)Akay Natural Ingredients Pvt. Ltd., Cochin, India. (3)Leads Clinical Research and Bio Services Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, India. The present randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study investigated the effect of a standardized fenugreek extract (FHE) on perimenopausal discomforts and its influence on hormonal balance and safety. Healthy women characterized with perimenopausal symptoms (n = 48), as assessed by MRS questionnaire, were randomized either to FHE (n = 24) or placebo (n = 24) and supplemented with 250 mg × 2/day for 42 days. Both inter and intra-group comparison revealed a significant improvement in somatic, psychological, and urogenital scores in FHE group, especially for hot flashes (25.9%), night sweats (26.5%), depression (31.8%), and insomnia (21.6%). Further hormone analysis revealed an enhancement in serum estradiol (18.9%), free testosterone (38.2%), and progesterone (19.9%) concentrations and a significant decrease in FSH (38.2%) and SHBG (21.1%) concentrations toward establishing a hormonal balance among FHE-group; without significant changes in other clinical safety parameters. Thus, FHE supplementation offered a significant reduction in vasomotor effects and depression in perimenopausal women, without any adverse effects PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Fenugreek is a popular kitchen spice and Ayurvedic medicine for a variety of health conditions including diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hepatotoxicity, gastritis, and also for a variety of hormone-related health conditions such as sexual functions, lactation, osteoporosis, PCOS, and post/perimenopausal discomforts. Fenugreek is rich in alkaloids, steroidal saponins, flavonoids and 4-hydroxyisoleucine. The present randomized-controlled study investigated the plausible application of a standardized hydro-ethanolic extract of fenugreek seeds (FHE) having a unique 3:1 ratio for protodioscin to trigonelline in the management of perimenopausal discomforts. It was observed that FHE at a dosage of 250 mg × 2/day for 42 days significantly reduced the discomforts, especially vasomotor symptoms and depression, and helped to attain a hormonal balance without any adverse effects or deviations in clinical safety parameters. Thus, FHE could be a potential natural agent for the management of post and perimenopausal discomforts and has to be explored in future studies. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC. DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13507 PMID: 33025616 [Indexed for MEDLINE]
9. J Med Food. 2020 Sep;23(9):905-919. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2020.0075. Epub 2020 Jul 31. Nigella sativa and Trigonella foenum-graecum Supplemented Chapatis Safely Improve HbA1c, Body Weight, Waist Circumference, Blood Lipids, and Fatty Liver in Overweight and Diabetic Subjects: A Twelve-Week Safety and Efficacy Study. Rao AS(1), Hegde S(1), Pacioretty LM(2), DeBenedetto J(2), Babish JG(2). Author information: (1)Supreem Pharmaceuticals Mysore Pvt. Ltd., KIADB Industrial Area, Mysore, India. (2)Bio Nexus Ltd., Brooktondale, New York, USA. In 2019, ∼ 463 million people globally had diabetes mellitus (DM), with China (25.1%), India (16.6%), and the United States (6.69%) representing nearly 50% of that total. The primary objectives of this exploratory study were to assess the safety and potential efficacy of Nigella sativa and fenugreek seed supplemented chapatis in overweight (OW) and type 2 DM subjects. Forty subjects (15/OW; 9/DM; 16/DM/OW) consumed two chapatis twice a day 6 days/week for a daily dose of 5.45 g of an N. sativa/fenugreek combination over 12 weeks with no changes in lifestyle or medications. Anthropometric, glycemic, and vascular variables were recorded at baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), plasma lipids, and complete metabolic profile were measured at baseline and termination. Compliance, estimated during twice-daily individual delivery of precooked chapatis, was 100%, with no significant adverse effects. At termination, body weights, body mass index, waist and hip circumferences, index of central obesity, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, 2-h postprandial blood glucose, estimated average glucose over 12 weeks, total cholesterol (TC), non-high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), and triglycerides (TG) were decreased (P < .05) over all subjects. Subjects with HbA1c ≥7.0 exhibited greater improvements in all glycemic variables than HbA1c <7.0 subjects. In addition, the decrease in HbA1c was positively correlated with decreases in (1) hepatic enzymes alkaline phosphatase (r = 0.301, P = .0067) and aspartate transaminase (r = 0.277, P = .0129), (2) systolic blood pressure (r = 0.388, P = .0004), and (3) number of diagnostic metabolic syndrome criteria exhibited per subject (r = 0.391, P = .0005), cardiovascular risk score (CRS) (r = 0.281, P = .0115), and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) (r = 0.223, P = .0467). Atherogenic and diabetogenic indexes TC/HDL, low density lipoprotein/HDL, VLDL/HDL, and TG/HDL were all decreased (P < .05). Among all subjects, improvement (P < .05) was seen in CRS (-10.7%), fatty liver index (-19.8%), lipid accumulation product (-13.8%), and HSI (-7.53%). N. sativa/fenugreek supplemented chapatis present a safe and seamless dietary modification to address cardiometabolic risk. DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2020.0075 PMCID: PMC7478223 PMID: 32758056 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: J.D., L.M.P., and J.G.B. served as consultants to Supreem Pharmaceuticals, while all other authors are employees of Supreem Pharmaceuticals.
10. J Diet Suppl. 2021;18(4):387-405. doi: 10.1080/19390211.2020.1780363. Epub 2020 Jun 24. Influence of a Novel Food-Grade Formulation of Red Chili Extract (Capsicum annum) on Overweight Subjects: Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Study. Joseph MSc A(1), John PhD F(1), Thomas MSc JV(2), Sivadasan SDP(1), Maliakel PhD B(1), Mohan PhD R(3), I M K(1). Author information: (1)Akay Natural Ingredients Pvt. Ltd., Cochin, Kerala, India. (2)Leads Clinical Research and Bio Services Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, Karnataka, India. (3)St. Thomas College, Kottayam, Kerala, India. Capsaicinoids from pungent red chilies (Capsicum annum and Capsicum frutescens) have received significant attention as a natural supplement for the management of obesity. However, the consumption of chili extract at physiologically relevant dosage of capsaicinoids is a challenge owing to its pungency and gastrointestinal discomforts. The present study reports the systemic absorption, safety and influence of a novel, food-grade, and sustained-release formulation of capsaicinoids-rich red chili extract using fenugreek dietary fiber (Capsifen®). Twenty-four healthy overweight subjects were randomized into placebo (n = 12) and Capsifen (n = 12) groups and supplemented with 200 mg × 1/day of Capsifen (4 mg capsaicinoids/day) for 28 days. Influence of Capsifen on eating behavior and appetite was followed by Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) and Council of Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire (CNAQ), respectively. Consumption of Capsifen did not reveal any adverse events or deviations in hematology and biochemical parameters related to safety. However, a significant decrease in body weight (2.1%), w/h ratio (4%) and body mass index (BMI) (2.2%) were observed among Capsifen group when compared to placebo. The TFEQ and appetite analysis revealed a significant improvement in uncontrolled eating and reduction in appetite among Capsifen subjects. The UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis confirmed the absorption of capsaicinoids from CAP supplementation. The study further demonstrated the safety and tolerability of Capsifen at the investigational dosage. Thus, the significant reduction in anthropometric parameters such as body weight, w/h ratio, and BMI along with the improvement in eating behaviour as well as appetite, indicated the potential body weight management effect of Capsifen. DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2020.1780363 PMID: 32578488 [Indexed for MEDLINE]
11. Complement Ther Med. 2020 Mar;49:102315. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102315. Epub 2020 Feb 1. The effect of fenugreek seed supplementation on serum irisin levels, blood pressure, and liver and kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A parallel randomized clinical trial. Hadi A(1), Arab A(2), Hajianfar H(3), Talaei B(4), Miraghajani M(5), Babajafari S(6), Marx W(7), Tavakoly R(8). Author information: (1)Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: amirhadi.vnt@gmail.com. (2)Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Electronic address: arman4369@gmail.com. (3)Food Safety Research Center (salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran. Electronic address: hossein_hajian2005@yahoo.com. (4)Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Electronic address: b.talaei@kmu.ac.ir. (5)Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; The Early Life Research Unit, Academic Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Nottingham Digestive Disease Centre and Biomedical Research Centre, The School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK. Electronic address: ms.miraghajani@yahoo.com. (6)Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Electronic address: jafaris@sums.ac.ir. (7)Deakin University, iMPACT, School of Medicine, Geelong, Australia. Electronic address: wolf.marx@deakin.edu.au. (8)Student Research Committee, School of Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Electronic address: tavakkoli.rahele@yahoo.com. OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to determine the effects of fenugreek seed (FS) on serum irisin levels, blood pressure, and liver and kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: In an 8-week randomized controlled clinical trial, T2DM patients (n = 50) were assigned to the intervention (5 g FS powder, 3 times a day) or control group. Both groups received anti-diabetic drugs and nutritional consults. Serum samples were collected and blood pressure was measured at baseline and end of the trial. Data on dietary intake and physical activity was determined using the questionnaires. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, FS consumption resulted in a significant decrease in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (p = 0.024), as well as a significant change in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (p = 0.02) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p = 0.001). Within-group analysis showed a significant decrease in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (p = 0.014), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p = 0.001), and irisin (p = 0.001) in the FS group, and a significant increase in creatinine (Cr) (p = 0.001) and decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (p = 0.001) in the control group. FS consumption did not have any significant effect on diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). CONCLUSION: FS intake has some beneficial effects on FPG, SBP, and some liver and kidney function tests in patients with T2DM. Further studies are required to investigate the effect of FS on irisin levels. Trial registration number http://www.irct.ir, code: IRCT20190618043924N1. Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102315 PMID: 32147060 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of Competing Interest None of the authors have any conflicts of interest to declare.
12. J Ethnopharmacol. 2020 May 10;253:112538. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112538. Epub 2020 Feb 20. Effect of fenugreek supplementation on blood lipids and body weight: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Askarpour M(1), Alami F(2), Campbell MS(3), Venkatakrishnan K(4), Hadi A(5), Ghaedi E(6). Author information: (1)Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (2)Student Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. (3)Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA. (4)School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City, Taiwan, ROC. (5)Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: amirhadi.vnt@gmail.com. (6)Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran; Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: ehsanghaedi073@gmail.com. ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Fenugreek is a traditional herbal medicine that has been used for centuries to treat hyperglycemia, muscle spasms, gastritis, constipation, edema, and other metabolic disorders. Recently, lipid-lowering effects of fenugreek have been identified. AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine and clarify the impact of fenugreek supplementation on anthropometric indices and serum lipid levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar from inception to June 2019 using relevant keywords. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of fenugreek on anthropometric indices and plasma lipids in adults were included. A random-effects model was used for quantitative data synthesis. A sensitivity analysis was conducted using the leave-one-out method. RESULTS: A meta-analysis of 12 RCTs (14 arms) with 560 participants suggested a significant decrease in plasma concentrations of total cholesterol (WMD = -9.371 mg/dL; 95% CI: -15.419, -3.323, p = 0.002), triglycerides (WMD = -13.776 mg/dL; 95% CI: -26.636, -0.916, p = 0.036), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD = -6.590 mg/Dl; 95% CI: -13.042, -0.137, p = 0.045), as well as an increase in plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD = 3.501 mg/dL; 95% CI: 1.309, 5.692, p = 0.002), while body weight (WMD = 0.223 kg; 95% CI: -0.509, 0.955, p = 0.551) and body mass index (WMD = 0.091 kg/m2; 95% CI: -0.244, 0.426, p = 0.596) were not altered. CONCLUSION: Fenugreek supplementation improved lipid parameters in adults. However, to confirm these results, more studies, particularly among hyperlipidemic patients, are needed. Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112538 PMID: 32087319 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest.
13. Nutrition. 2019 Jun;62:135-139. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.01.002. Epub 2019 Jan 11. Influence of enhanced bioavailable curcumin on obesity-associated cardiovascular disease risk factors and arterial function: A double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial. Campbell MS(1), Ouyang A(1), I M K(2), Charnigo RJ(3), Westgate PM(3), Fleenor BS(4). Author information: (1)Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA. (2)Akay Flavours & Aromatics Pvt. Ltd., R&D Centre, Ambunadu, Malayidamthuruthu P.O., Cochin 683561, India. (3)Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, USA. (4)Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana 47306, USA. Electronic address: Bsfleenor@bsu.edu. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine whether an enhanced bioavailable curcumin formulation, CurQfen®, would improve circulating cardiovascular disease-related blood biomarkers and arterial function in young (age 18-35 y), obese (body mass index ≥ 30.0 kg/m2) men. METHODS: This double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial evaluated 22 men. The participants were matched based on body mass index and randomized to the intervention (curcumin formulated with fenugreek soluble fiber, for enhanced absorption) or control (fenugreek soluble fiber) group for 12 wk at 500mg/d without dietary modification or exercise. Blood samples and endothelial function measures were acquired at 0 and 12 wk, and blood samples were analyzed for cardiovascular disease-related blood biomarkers. Furthermore, central (aortic) blood pressure and augmentation index were monitored at 0, 4, 8, and 12 wk. RESULTS: After 12 wk of intervention, homocysteine levels were lower (curcumin before: 12.22 ± 2.29 µg/mL, after: 8.62 ± 1.02 µg/mL versus placebo before: 9.45 ± 0.84 µg/mL, after: 11.84 ± 1.63 µg/mL; P = 0.04) and high-density lipoprotein levels were higher (curcumin before: 40.77 ± 5.37 mg/dL, after: 54.56 ± 11.72 mg/dL versus placebo before: 61.20 ± 5.76 mg/dL, after: 48.82 ± 5.49 mg/dL; P = 0.04) in the curcumin group relative to the placebo group. However, there was no significant difference in changes between the circulating concentrations of glucose, insulin, leptin, adiponectin, or oxidative stress biomarkers in the curcumin group compared with the placebo group (P > 0.05). No changes were found with endothelial function, augmentation index, or central blood pressure in the curcumin group compared with the placebo group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our data provide evidence for an enhanced bioavailable curcumin to improve homocysteine and high-density lipoprotein concentrations, which may promote favorable cardiovascular health in young, obese men. Improvements in endothelial function or blood pressure were not observed with curcumin supplementation, thus further investigation is warranted. Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.01.002 PMID: 30889454 [Indexed for MEDLINE]
14. Trials. 2019 Jan 7;20(1):24. doi: 10.1186/s13063-018-3032-6. Polyherbal dietary supplementation for prediabetic adults: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Feinberg T(1)(2), Wieland LS(3), Miller LE(4), Munir K(5), Pollin TI(6), Shuldiner AR(6), Amoils S(7), Gallagher L(7), Bahr-Robertson M(3), D'Adamo CR(3). Author information: (1)University of Maryland School of Medicine Center for Integrative Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Termeh.Feinberg@yale.edu. (2)Yale University School of Medicine Center for Medical Informatics, New Haven, CT, USA. Termeh.Feinberg@yale.edu. (3)University of Maryland School of Medicine Center for Integrative Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. (4)Miller Scientific Consulting, Asheville, NC, USA. (5)University of Maryland School of Medicine Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Baltimore, MD, USA. (6)University of Maryland School of Medicine Department of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. (7)Alliance Integrative Medicine, Cincinatti, OH, USA. BACKGROUND: Prediabetes describes a state of hyperglycemia outside of normal limits that does not meet the criteria for diabetes diagnosis, is generally symptomless, and affects an estimated 38% of adults in the United States. Prediabetes typically precedes the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, which accounts for increased morbidity and mortality. Although the use of dietary and herbal supplements is popular worldwide, and a variety of single herbal medicines have been examined for glycemic management, the potential of increasingly common polyherbal formulations to return glycemic parameters to normal ranges among adults with prediabetes remains largely unexplored. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a commercially available, polyherbal dietary supplement on glycemic and lipid parameters in prediabetic individuals. METHODS: In this multi-site, double-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial, 40 participants with prediabetes will be randomized to either a daily oral polyherbal dietary supplement (GlucoSupreme™ Herbal; Designs for Health®, Suffield, CT, USA; containing cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum cassia), banaba leaf (Lagerstroemia speciosa standardized to 1% corosolic acid), kudzu root (Pueraria lobata standardized to 40% isoflavones), fenugreek seed (Trigonella foenum-graceum standardized to 60% saponins), gymnema leaf (Gymnema sylvestre standardized to 25% gymnemic acid), American ginseng root (Panax quinquefolius standardized to 5% ginsenosides), and berberine HCl derived from bark (Berberis aristata)) or placebo for 12 weeks. Short-, medium-, and comparatively long-term markers of glycemic control (blood glucose and fasting insulin, fructosamine, and glycated hemoglobin/A1c, respectively), and other glycemic parameters (GlycoMark, β-cell function, and insulin sensitivity/resistance) will be obtained. Lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides), inflammation (hs-CRP), progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as safety indices (ALT, AST) will be obtained. An intention-to-treat analysis will be used to assess changes in study outcomes. DISCUSSION: Treatment options for adults with prediabetes are currently limited. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a commercially available dietary supplement in the popular, but as yet insufficiently studied, category of polyherbal formulas for the management of glycemic parameters and other biomarkers associated with prediabetes. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT03388762 . Retrospectively registered on 4 January 2018. DOI: 10.1186/s13063-018-3032-6 PMCID: PMC6323847 PMID: 30616613 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE: The trial has been approved by the University of Maryland School of Medicine IRB (#HP-00075768) and Western IRB (#20171220). CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION: This manuscript and subsequent manuscripts will not contain any individual person’s data in any form. COMPETING INTERESTS: CD has received financial compensation for service on the Scientific Advisory Board of Designs for Health®. All other authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER’S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
15. Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov. 2018;12(2):145-157. doi: 10.2174/1872213X12666180815144803. Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases with Anti-Inflammatory and Anti- Oxidant Nutraceuticals and Herbal Products: An Overview of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Studies. Jain S(1), Buttar HS(2), Chintameneni M(1), Kaur G(1). Author information: (1)Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM`S NMIMS, Mumbai- 400056, India. (2)Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, School of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. BACKGROUND: Inflammation-induced endothelial abnormalities, dietary habits, and tobacco smoking are considered to be the primary risk factors for causing atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs), including Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), cerebrovascular disorders, peripheral arterial disease, rheumatic heart disease, congenital heart defects, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Prevention of CVDs with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant agents has been a challenging task for decades. Currently, CVDs have taken a top position among the health-related issues and are considered the foremost cause of mortality and morbidity around the globe. OBJECTIVE: Emerging evidence from several sources indicates that nutraceuticals and plant products may be a cost-effective approach for the prevention of CVDs. A limited number of clinical studies done with nutraceuticals have shown positive effects for promoting health and well-being as well as reduction of CVDs in humans. Some plants from which nutraceutical ingredients are isolated and will be discussed in this review are: Murraya koenigii, Curcuma longa, Beta vulgaris, Allium sativum, Allium cepa, Lagenaria siceraria Stand, Trigonella foenum-graecum. METHODS: Literature searches were done using keywords for plants, nutraceuticals, and plant products that have revealed beneficial effects in the prevention of CVDs. The anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory actions of nutraceuticeuticals and plant ingredients play a significant role in capturing free radicals and reducing endothelial risk factors associated with the occurrence CVDs. RESULTS: This review has explored the usefulness of animal studies performed with nutraceuticals and herbal products and to understand their mode of action in the prevention of CVDs. Also, we have referred to patents for different nutraceuticals for better understanding their quantitative effects and dosage forms. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that nutraceuticals possess enormous health benefits and their interventions can be highly beneficial in the prevention/reduction of CVDs and related disorders such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, heart attack and stroke. The findings of this review provide an update on the emerging uses of nutraceuticals, functional foods, and herbal remedies in humans. Nevertheless, large-scale randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trials are needed to confirm the health benefit claims about nutraceuticals and herbal products to establish their long-term safety and to resolve the controversy about the role of clinical nutrition in curing lifestyle diseases. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org. DOI: 10.2174/1872213X12666180815144803 PMID: 30109827 [Indexed for MEDLINE]
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