크라톰 (주의: 일부 국가 규제)

Kratom use in adolescents and college students: a systematic review of prevalence, patterns, and risk factors across community and rehabilitation settings.

1. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2026;52(1):5-17. doi: 10.1080/00952990.2025.2609965. Epub 2026 Jan 27. Kratom use in adolescents and college students: a systematic review of prevalence, patterns, and risk factors across community and rehabilitation settings. Govarthnapany N(1), Dékány L(1), Gabrhel

Reported associations between kratom and seizures: a systematic review.

2. Front Pharmacol. 2025 Oct 15;16:1632835. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1632835. eCollection 2025. Reported associations between kratom and seizures: a systematic review. Turla T(1), Abele G(1), Hua M(2), Paustenbach D(3). Author information: (1)Paustenbach and Associates, Denver, CO, United States.

The effects of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) on metabolic syndrome-related parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

3. Front Pharmacol. 2025 Jun 18;16:1587528. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1587528. eCollection 2025. The effects of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) on metabolic syndrome-related parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rayanakorn A(1)(2), Apisitwittaya P(2), Lee SWH(3), Yaja K(2), Inpan R(1)(2)(

Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Use and Mental Health: A Systematic Review and Multilevel Meta-Analysis.

4. Eur Addict Res. 2024;30(4):252-274. doi: 10.1159/000539338. Epub 2024 Jun 18. Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Use and Mental Health: A Systematic Review and Multilevel Meta-Analysis. Yang Y(1), Müller CP(2)(3), Singh D(1). Author information: (1)Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia

Kratom use and mental health: A systematic literature review and case example.

5. J Addict Dis. 2024 Oct-Dec;42(4):301-312. doi: 10.1080/10550887.2023.2273192. Epub 2023 Nov 9. Kratom use and mental health: A systematic literature review and case example. Bachu AK(1)(2), Singal P(3), Griffin B(1), Harbaugh L(4), Prasad S(5), Jain L(6), Mohiuddin S(4), Papudesi BN(7), Nagi

Kratom as an opioid alternative: harm, or harm reduction? A systematic review of literature.

6. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2022 Sep 3;48(5):509-528. doi: 10.1080/00952990.2022.2111685. Epub 2022 Aug 24. Kratom as an opioid alternative: harm, or harm reduction? A systematic review of literature. Stanciu C(1), Ahmed S(2), Gnanasegaram S(3), Gibson S(4), Penders T(5), Grundmann O(6), McCurd

Qualitative content analysis of public responses to an FDA inquiry on the impact of scheduling changes to kratom.

7. Int J Drug Policy. 2022 Oct;108:103817. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2022.103817. Epub 2022 Aug 8. Qualitative content analysis of public responses to an FDA inquiry on the impact of scheduling changes to kratom. Tobacyk J(1), Parks BJ(2), Lovelady N(3), Brents LK(2). Author information: (1)Departm

A systematic review of (pre)clinical studies on the therapeutic potential and safety profile of kratom in humans.

8. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2022 Jan;37(1):e2805. doi: 10.1002/hup.2805. Epub 2021 Jul 26. A systematic review of (pre)clinical studies on the therapeutic potential and safety profile of kratom in humans. Prevete E(1), Kuypers KPC(1), Theunissen EL(1), Corazza O(2)(3), Bersani G(3), Ramaekers JG(1)

Pharmacokinetics of mitragynine, a major analgesic alkaloid in kratom (Mitragyna speciosa): A systematic review.

9. Asian J Psychiatr. 2019 Jun;43:73-82. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2019.05.016. Epub 2019 May 9. Pharmacokinetics of mitragynine, a major analgesic alkaloid in kratom (Mitragyna speciosa): A systematic review. Ya K(1), Tangamornsuksan W(2), Scholfield CN(3), Methaneethorn J(4), Lohitnavy M(5). Author

Kratom use and mental health: A systematic review.

10. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2018 Feb 1;183:134-140. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.10.012. Epub 2017 Dec 7. Kratom use and mental health: A systematic review. Swogger MT(1), Walsh Z(2). Author information: (1)Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical 300 Center, Crittenden Blvd., R

Kratom Use: An Emerging Perioperative Nursing Concern.

11. AORN J. 2026 May;123(5):362-370. doi: 10.1002/aorn.70077. Kratom Use: An Emerging Perioperative Nursing Concern. Vance BS, Miner L, Ostrowski A. Kratom is an emerging drug of concern that poses significant challenges in perioperative care, but the public and many health professionals remain

Decoding kratom: molecular mechanisms and epigenetic factors in use and dependence.

12. Transl Psychiatry. 2026 Apr 16. doi: 10.1038/s41398-026-04022-5. Online ahead of print. Decoding kratom: molecular mechanisms and epigenetic factors in use and dependence. Misnan E(1)(2), Hasbullah NZA(1), Abd Rashid R(2)(3), Mohd Shah A(4), Sim MS(5)(6). Author information: (1)Department

DNA Barcoding and Chemical Profile Using UHPLC, GC-MS and LC-MS/QTOF of Mitragyna speciosa Variation and Allied Species for Quality Control of Kratom Materials.

13. Plants (Basel). 2026 Mar 25;15(7):1003. doi: 10.3390/plants15071003. DNA Barcoding and Chemical Profile Using UHPLC, GC-MS and LC-MS/QTOF of Mitragyna speciosa Variation and Allied Species for Quality Control of Kratom Materials. Anantaworasakul P(1), Arunotayanun W(2), Chaichit S(3), Khamnu

Kratom-Induced Hyperpigmentation: An Emerging Clinicopathologic Pattern.

14. J Cutan Pathol. 2026 Apr 5. doi: 10.1111/cup.70087. Online ahead of print. Kratom-Induced Hyperpigmentation: An Emerging Clinicopathologic Pattern. Friedland MH(1), Lu S(1), Johnston MS(2), Correale D(1), Ko CJ(1). Author information: (1)Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Me

Multifaceted modulation of human opioid receptors by kratom alkaloids: binding affinity, functional selectivity, and allosteric activity.

15. Front Pharmacol. 2026 Mar 17;17:1763551. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2026.1763551. eCollection 2026. Multifaceted modulation of human opioid receptors by kratom alkaloids: binding affinity, functional selectivity, and allosteric activity. Hemby SE(1), Rangel-Grimaldo M(2), McIntosh S(1), Zheng J(1),

Investigating Opioid Receptor Activity through Biocatalytic Halogenation and Oxidation of Mitragynine.

24. ACS Chem Biol. 2026 Apr 17;21(4):733-743. doi: 10.1021/acschembio.5c01008. Epub 2026 Mar 29. Investigating Opioid Receptor Activity through Biocatalytic Halogenation and Oxidation of Mitragynine. Harris NR(1)(2), Powell AJ(3), Snodgrass HM(4), Amin S(1)(5), Newmister SA(1), Curtis BJ(1), Li

Mitragynine and naltrexone alone and in combination reduce alcohol self-administration in female Sprague Dawley rats.

31. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2026 Jun 1;283:113126. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113126. Epub 2026 Mar 14. Mitragynine and naltrexone alone and in combination reduce alcohol self-administration in female Sprague Dawley rats. Haile CN(1), Sangu M(2), Das J(2), Kosten TA(3). Author information: (1)

Use of untargeted metabolomics to profile the foliar metabolome of Mitragyna speciosa under varying light and water conditions.

5. Funct Plant Biol. 2026 Mar 20;53(3):FP25150. doi: 10.1071/FP25150. Use of untargeted metabolomics to profile the foliar metabolome of Mitragyna speciosa under varying light and water conditions. Leksungnoen N(1), Andriyas T(2)(3), Ku-Or Y(1), Chongdi S(1), Pongchaidacha P(2)(3), Ngernsaengsar

A Pilot, Dose-Finding, Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Study of Orally Administered Botanical Kratom.

18. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2026 Mar 16. doi: 10.1097/JCP.0000000000002158. Online ahead of print. A Pilot, Dose-Finding, Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Study of Orally Administered Botanical Kratom. Reissig CJ(1), Chen L(1), Nallani SC(1), Hawkins EG(1), Galati S(1), Bonson K(1), Kanumuri

Quantitative analysis of 7-hydroxymitragynine in commercial kratom products and its stability under chemical and physiological conditions.

20. Phytochemistry. 2026 Jul;247:114871. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2026.114871. Epub 2026 Mar 11. Quantitative analysis of 7-hydroxymitragynine in commercial kratom products and its stability under chemical and physiological conditions. Avula B(1), Ali SK(1), Tatapudi KK(1), Pandey P(1), Cheepill

Optimizing the Soil Calcium:Magnesium Ratio Improves the Mitragynine Yield and Seedling Growth in Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa).

22. Plants (Basel). 2026 Apr 3;15(7):1098. doi: 10.3390/plants15071098. Optimizing the Soil Calcium:Magnesium Ratio Improves the Mitragynine Yield and Seedling Growth in Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa). Leksungnoen N(1), Andriyas T(2), Ku-Or Y(1), Chongdi S(1), Pongchaidacha P(3)(4), Ngernsaengsarua

Severe kava withdrawal managed with phenobarbital.

36. Am J Emerg Med. 2025 Oct;96:298.e5-298.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2025.06.016. Epub 2025 Jun 16. Severe kava withdrawal managed with phenobarbital. Bleifuss W(1), Boley S(2), Bardwell J(3), Goebel C(4), Wilkinson J(3). Author information: (1)Department of Emergency Medicine, Regions Hospital, S

Effects of yeast and dried kratom leaves (Mitragyna speciosa [Korth] Havil.) supplementation on digestibility, rumen fermentation, blood metabolites and nitrogen balance in goats.

7. Anim Biosci. 2024 Feb;37(2):228-239. doi: 10.5713/ab.23.0153. Epub 2023 Dec 11. Effects of yeast and dried kratom leaves (Mitragyna speciosa [Korth] Havil.) supplementation on digestibility, rumen fermentation, blood metabolites and nitrogen balance in goats. Va S(1), Supapong C(2), Chanjula

Microencapsulation of Mitragyna leaf extracts to be used as a bioactive compound source to enhance in vitro fermentation characteristics and microbial dynamics.

44. Anim Biosci. 2024 Jan;37(1):74-83. doi: 10.5713/ab.23.0200. Epub 2023 Nov 1. Microencapsulation of Mitragyna leaf extracts to be used as a bioactive compound source to enhance in vitro fermentation characteristics and microbial dynamics. Matra M(1), Phupaboon S(1), Totakul P(2), Prommachart R

Kratom-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS).

16. Eur J Case Rep Intern Med. 2023 Mar 29;10(4):003835. doi: 10.12890/2023_003835. eCollection 2023. Kratom-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Chinnappan J(1), Navari Y(1), Casini D(1), Palanisamy N(1), Parikh N(1)(2), Seedahmed E(1)(2). Author information: (1)Department of In

Mitragyna speciosa Korth Leaf Pellet Supplementation on Feed Intake, Nutrient Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation, Microbial Protein Synthesis and Protozoal Population in Thai Native Beef Cattle.

4. Animals (Basel). 2022 Nov 22;12(23):3238. doi: 10.3390/ani12233238. Mitragyna speciosa Korth Leaf Pellet Supplementation on Feed Intake, Nutrient Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation, Microbial Protein Synthesis and Protozoal Population in Thai Native Beef Cattle. Phesatcha B(1), Phesatcha K(2),

Effects of Supplementing Finishing Goats with Mitragyna speciosa (Korth) Havil Leaves Powder on Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters, Carcass Composition, and Meat Quality.

28. Animals (Basel). 2022 Jun 26;12(13):1637. doi: 10.3390/ani12131637. Effects of Supplementing Finishing Goats with Mitragyna speciosa (Korth) Havil Leaves Powder on Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters, Carcass Composition, and Meat Quality. Chanjula P(1), Wungsintaweekul J(2), Chiara

Identification and Characterization of Mitragynine or 7-Hydroxymitraynine Oral Dosage Form Products That Appeal to Children.

43. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2026 Apr;31(2):238-242. doi: 10.5863/JPPT-25-00082. Epub 2026 Apr 13. Identification and Characterization of Mitragynine or 7-Hydroxymitraynine Oral Dosage Form Products That Appeal to Children. White CM(1), Atallah M(1), Khoury DE(1). Author information: (1)Depart

Liver Injury Associated With Kratom ( Mitragyna speciosa ): A Systematic Review.

28. J Addict Med. 2026 Mar 10. doi: 10.1097/ADM.0000000000001663. Online ahead of print. Liver Injury Associated With Kratom ( Mitragyna speciosa ): A Systematic Review. Calicdan XA, Kopczynski A, Medina E, Singh S, Sotelo D, Wu AC, Suzuki J. OBJECTIVES: Kratom ( Mitragyna speciosa ) is a psycho

Characteristics of adverse reactions to kratom and implementation of harm reduction strategies in a sample of ethnobotanical tea bar patrons in Colorado.

8. Harm Reduct J. 2026 Mar 2;23(1):70. doi: 10.1186/s12954-025-01382-x. Characteristics of adverse reactions to kratom and implementation of harm reduction strategies in a sample of ethnobotanical tea bar patrons in Colorado. Piercey CJ(1), Cameron J(2), Ahern R(3), Packwood I(4), Bruning C(3), H