락토페린 (면역)

M860, a Monoclonal Antibody against Human Lactoferrin, Enhances Tumoricidal Activity of Low Dosage Lactoferrin via Granzyme B Induction.

1. Molecules. 2019 Oct 9;24(20):3640. doi: 10.3390/molecules24203640. M860, a Monoclonal Antibody against Human Lactoferrin, Enhances Tumoricidal Activity of Low Dosage Lactoferrin via Granzyme B Induction. Li Y(1)(2), Li J(1), Gong Z(1), Pan XH(1), Ma ZH(1), Ma SY(1), Wang HM(1), Dong HL(1), Go

Evaluation of Bovine Lactoferrin for Prevention of Late-Onset Sepsis in Low-Birth-Weight Infants: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

1. Nutrients. 2025 May 23;17(11):1774. doi: 10.3390/nu17111774. Evaluation of Bovine Lactoferrin for Prevention of Late-Onset Sepsis in Low-Birth-Weight Infants: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. Ariff S(1), Soofi SB(2), Jiwani U(2), Aamir A(2), Ansari U(3), Rizvi A(2), D'Almeida M(3), Alam A(3), Dibley M(3). Author information: (1)Department of Pediatric and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan. (2)Center of Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan. (3)Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Background: Sepsis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm and low birth weight (LBW) neonates, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Lactoferrin, a glycoprotein present in breast milk with antimicrobial activity, is a low-cost, readily available, and promising intervention currently under investigation. The available literature presents conflicting results on the impact of lactoferrin on the risk of late-onset sepsis (LOS). This study evaluated the effectiveness of two doses of bovine lactoferrin (bLF) supplementation in preventing LOS and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm and LBW neonates in Pakistan. Methods: A three-arm, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial in the neonatal intensive care unit of Aga Khan University was conducted from July 2019 to August 2020. Preterm (28 to 36 + 5 weeks gestational age) and low birth weight (≥1000 g to <2500 g) neonates who established enteral feeding by 72 h were eligible. The exclusion criteria included sepsis before randomization, maternal history of chorioamnionitis or group B streptococcus colonization, and congenital anomalies. Enrolled neonates were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio using a computer-generated random allocation sequence to receive placebo (D-glucose), 150 mg bLF, or 300 mg bLF mixed with breast milk once daily for 28 days. The study staff, parents, and outcome assessors were blinded to the allocation. The primary outcome was late-onset sepsis from the trial entry to 28 days. The secondary outcome was NEC from the trial entry to 28 days. Neonates were followed weekly for 28 ± 2 days, and episodes of LOS and NEC were recorded. Results: Of 305 neonates enrolled, 102, 102, and 101, respectively, were randomized to receive a placebo (arm A), 150 mg bLF (arm B), and 300 mg bLF (arm C), respectively. Outcome data of 291 participants (99 in arm A, 95 in arm B, and 97 in arm C) were available for inclusion in the intention-to-treat analysis. The frequency of culture-proven sepsis was 8/102 (7.8%) in arm A compared to 1/102 (0.98%) (p = 0.020) in arm B and 5/101 (4.9%) in arm C (p = 0.390). We did not find any difference in episodes of NEC between arms A (n = 3, 3%) and B (n = 0, 0%) (p = 0.087) or between arms A and C (n = 2, 2%) (p = 0.650). We reported compliance rates of 79 (79.79%) in arm A, 78 (82.1%) in arm B, and 82 (84.53%) in arm C for investigational products. Arm C recorded two deaths, but neither was attributed to the intervention. Conclusions: Bovine lactoferrin supplementation did not prevent late-onset sepsis in neonates of preterm and low birth weight in our trial. However, given the small sample size, further trials with larger sample sizes are required to investigate its efficacy in these at-risk groups. DOI: 10.3390/nu17111774 PMCID: PMC12157286 PMID: 40507041 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Efficacy of lactoferrin supplementation in pediatric infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

2. Biochem Cell Biol. 2025 Jan 1;103:1-23. doi: 10.1139/bcb-2024-0181. Efficacy of lactoferrin supplementation in pediatric infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Mayorga V(1), Navarro R(1), Roldan V(2), Urtecho M(3), Tipe S(4), Calvert B(5), Wright L(5), Ochoa TJ(1)(4). Author information: (1)Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. (2)Department of Pediatrics, Tulane School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA. (3)Department of Internal Medicine, Tulane School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA. (4)Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. (5)Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA. Pediatric infections account for approximately one-third of all deaths in children under 5 years globally. Lactoferrin (LF) supplementation has the potential to reduce infection-related morbidity due to its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory properties. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of oral LF supplementation randomized controlled trials in population under 18 years old. The primary outcomes were infection-associated outcomes: late onset sepsis (LOS), diarrhea, and upper respiratory infections (URIs). We also analyzed mortality among LOS studies. Of 1594 citations identified, 25 studies met eligibility criteria, including 10 studies of LOS, 14 of diarrhea, and 8 of URI. LF supplementation was associated with fewer patients with culture-proven or probable neonatal LOS compared to placebo (odds ratio (OR): 0.60; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.42-0.86), with fewer patients with diarrhea compared to placebo in children (OR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.41-0.75), and no significant fewer patients with URI (OR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.27-1.40). Before LF can be used as a public health intervention, it is necessary to refine some aspects of the design of future trials. Ideally these trials should be conducted in countries with the highest burden of infections, where the potential benefit is expected to have the largest impact. © 2025 The Author(s). Permission for reuse (free in most cases) can be obtained from copyright.com. DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2024-0181 PMID: 39841980 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare there are no competing interests.

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial to Assess the Effects of Lactoferrin at Two Doses vs. Active Control on Immunological and Safety Parameters in Healthy Adults.

3. Int J Toxicol. 2025 Jan-Feb;44(1):12-28. doi: 10.1177/10915818241293723. Epub 2024 Oct 28. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial to Assess the Effects of Lactoferrin at Two Doses vs. Active Control on Immunological and Safety Parameters in Healthy Adults. Peterson RD(1), Guarneiri LL(2), Adams CG(2), Wilcox ML(2), Clark AJ(1), Rudemiller NP(3), Maki KC(2)(4), Malinczak CA(1). Author information: (1)Helaina Inc., New York, NY, USA. (2)Midwest Biomedical Research, Addison, IL, USA. (3)Immunologix Laboratories, Tampa, FL, USA. (4)Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA. Recombinant human lactoferrin (rhLF) is of commercial interest for immune support as a food ingredient. The objective was to evaluate the immunogenicity/alloimmunization potential of Helaina rhLF (effera™) from K. phaffii over a 28-day period compared to bovine LF (bLF). Study 1 was a randomized, double-blind, parallel arm, controlled trial where 66 healthy adults were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 groups: high-dose rhLF (3.4 g/d), low-dose rhLF (0.34 g/d), or bLF (3.4 g/d). Participants completed a 28-day supplementation period with follow-up visits on Days 28, 56, and 84. Study 2 was a 12-week observational study with no intervention that enrolled 24 healthy adults. In both studies, serum was obtained for analysis of anti-LF antibody levels as the primary endpoint. In Study 1, change from baseline to Day 56 in serum anti-bLF antibodies in the bLF group (least squares geometric mean and 95% confidence interval for the post/pre ratio: 3.01; 2.08, 4.35) was greater than the changes in serum anti-hLF antibodies in the low-dose rhLF (1.07; 0.77, 1.49; P < 0.001) and high-dose rhLF (1.02; 0.62, 1.70; P < 0.001) groups. The rhLF groups had similar changes to the observational study, indicating no change in anti-hLF antibodies and no evidence of alloimmunization following ingestion. Changes in safety outcomes were similar between groups and within normal ranges. These results show that under the conditions of the protocol, no increased anti-hLF antibodies or adverse events were identified following ingestion of effera™ as a food ingredient at an intake level up to 3.4 g/d in healthy adults (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT06012669). DOI: 10.1177/10915818241293723 PMCID: PMC11731406 PMID: 39465888 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of Conflicting InterestThe author(s) declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Nathan Rudemiller received consulting or advisory fees from Helaina Inc. Carrie-Anne Malinczak, Ross Peterson, and Anthony Clark are employees of Helaina Inc. and receives equity or stocks in the company. As employees of Midwest Biomedical Research, Kevin Maki, Liana Guarneiri, Caryn Adams, and Meredith Wilcox receive grants and/or consulting fees from 89bio Inc., Beren Therapeutics P.B.C., Cargill Inc., General Mills Inc., Greenyn Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Hass Avocado Board, Helaina Inc., Indiana University Foundation, Matinas BioPharma Holdings Inc., National Cattleman’s Beef Association, National Dair Council, Naturmega, PepsiCo Inc., Pharmavite LLC, NewAmsterdam Pharma, Bragg Live Products, Campbell Soup Company, Eli Lilly and Company, Medifast Inc., NeuroEnergy Ventures, and Seed Inc.

Does Colostrum Bovinum Supplementation Affect Swimming Performance in Endurance-Trained Males? A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Crossover Study.

4. Nutrients. 2024 Sep 22;16(18):3204. doi: 10.3390/nu16183204. Does Colostrum Bovinum Supplementation Affect Swimming Performance in Endurance-Trained Males? A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Crossover Study. Durkalec-Michalski K(1), Główka N(1), Podgórski T(2), Szymocha M(1), Przybylik B(1), Wochna K(3), Woźniewicz M(4), Nowaczyk PM(1). Author information: (1)Department of Sports Dietetics, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland. (2)Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland. (3)Department of Swimming and Water Lifesaving, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland. (4)Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-624 Poznań, Poland. Background/Objectives: Colostrum Bovinum (COL) is recognized for its unique composition and potential ergogenic and immunological benefits. Unlike mature milk, COL is rich in immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, and various growth factors, making it one of the most potent natural immune stimulants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 12-weeks of COL supplementation on swimming-specific performance (SSP) and exercise adaptations in endurance-trained male athletes. Methods: Twenty-eight male triathletes and swimmers (age: 31.1 ± 10.2 years; body mass: 81.9 ± 9.0 kg; height: 1.82 ± 0.06 m) participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo (PLA)-controlled crossover study and received 25 g∙day-1 of COL or PLA for 12 weeks. The study assessed the effects of COL on SSP (8 × 100 m performed at various intensities) and exercise adaptations [heart rate (HR) and blood lactate concentrations ([La-])]. Four main study visits were conducted-before and after COL (COLPRE and COLPOST) and PLA (PLAPRE and PLAPOST) supplementation. Results: COL had no significant effect on SSP. Still, the total time of the SSP test was about ~3.04 s shorter after COL supplementation, and ~7.13 s longer after PLA supplementation. Neither COL nor PLA supplementation affected HR during the SSP test. Post-exercise blood [La-] was significantly reduced after both COL and PLA supplementation. The analysis of SSP results in the consecutive study visits revealed possible existence of the practice effect. Conclusions: Colostrum Bovinum and high-quality milk protein (PLA) seem to be comparably effective in evoking exercise adaptation in endurance-trained male athletes. Long-term crossover supplementation protocols in athletes must consider the impact of possible practice effect when interpreting the outcomes related to exercise performance, but not biochemical or physiological markers of exercise adaptation. DOI: 10.3390/nu16183204 PMCID: PMC11435245 PMID: 39339805 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Lactoferrin and lysozyme to promote nutritional, clinical and enteric recovery: a protocol for a factorial, blinded, placebo-controlled randomised trial among children with diarrhoea and malnutrition (the Boresha Afya trial).

5. BMJ Open. 2024 Aug 9;14(8):e079448. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079448. Lactoferrin and lysozyme to promote nutritional, clinical and enteric recovery: a protocol for a factorial, blinded, placebo-controlled randomised trial among children with diarrhoea and malnutrition (the Boresha Afya trial). Tiwari R(1), Tickell KD(2), Yoshioka E(1), Otieno J(3), Shah A(4), Richardson BA(1)(5), Keter L(6), Okello M(3), Nyabinda C(6), Trehan I(1), McGrath CJ(1), Means AR(1), Houpt ER(7), Liu J(8), Platts-Mills JA(7), Njunge JM(9), Rwigi D(6)(10), Diakhate MM(1), Nyaoke J(6), Ochola E(6), John-Stewart G(1)(11)(12), Walson JL(11)(13), Pavlinac PB(1), Singa BO(3). Author information: (1)Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. (2)Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA kirkbt@uw.edu. (3)Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya. (4)Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya. (5)Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. (6)Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Nairobi County, Kenya. (7)Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, North Carolina, USA. (8)School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. (9)Centre for Geographic Medicine Research Coast, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya. (10)Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya. (11)Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. (12)Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. (13)Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. INTRODUCTION: Children with moderate or severe wasting are at particularly high risk of recurrent or persistent diarrhoea, nutritional deterioration and death following a diarrhoeal episode. Lactoferrin and lysozyme are nutritional supplements that may reduce the risk of recurrent diarrhoeal episodes and accelerate nutritional recovery by treating or preventing underlying enteric infections and/or improving enteric function. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: In this factorial, blinded, placebo-controlled randomised trial, we aim to determine the efficacy of lactoferrin and lysozyme supplementation in decreasing diarrhoea incidence and improving nutritional recovery in Kenyan children convalescing from comorbid diarrhoea and wasting. Six hundred children aged 6-24 months with mid-upper arm circumference <12.5 cm who are returning home after an outpatient visit or inpatient hospital stay for diarrhoea will be enrolled. Children will be randomised to 16 weeks of lactoferrin, lysozyme, a combination of the two, or placebo and followed for 24 weeks, with biweekly home visits by community health workers and clinic visits at 4, 10, 16 and 24 weeks. The primary analysis will compare the incidence of moderate-to-severe diarrhoea and time to nutritional recovery between each intervention arm and placebo. The trial will also test whether these interventions reduce enteric pathogen carriage, decrease enteric permeability and/or increase haemoglobin concentration in enrolled children. Finally, we will evaluate the acceptability, adherence and cost-effectiveness of lactoferrin and/or lysozyme. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The trial has been approved by the institutional review boards of the Kenya Medical Research Institute, the University of Washington, the Kenyan Pharmacy and Poisons Board, and the Kenyan National Commission on Science, Technology and Innovation. The results of this trial will be shared with local and international stakeholders and published in peer-reviewed journals, and the key findings will be presented at relevant conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05519254, PACTR202108480098476. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079448 PMCID: PMC11331881 PMID: 39122384 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Competing interests: None declared.

A Patented Dietary Supplement (Hydroxy-Methyl-Butyrate, Carnosine, Magnesium, Butyrate, Lactoferrin) Is a Promising Therapeutic Target for Age-Related Sarcopenia through the Regulation of Gut Permeability: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

6. Nutrients. 2024 Apr 30;16(9):1369. doi: 10.3390/nu16091369. A Patented Dietary Supplement (Hydroxy-Methyl-Butyrate, Carnosine, Magnesium, Butyrate, Lactoferrin) Is a Promising Therapeutic Target for Age-Related Sarcopenia through the Regulation of Gut Permeability: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Rondanelli M(1), Gasparri C(2), Cavioni A(2), Sivieri C(2), Barrile GC(2), Mansueto F(2), Perna S(3). Author information: (1)Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. (2)Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona ''Istituto Santa Margherita'', University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. (3)Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20019 Milano, Italy. Adequate diet, physical activity, and dietary supplementation with muscle-targeted food for special medical purposes (FSMP) or dietary supplement (DS) are currently considered fundamental pillars in sarcopenia treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a DS (containing hydroxy-methyl-butyrate, carnosine, and magnesium, for its action on muscle function and protein synthesis and butyrate and lactoferrin for their contribution to the regulation of gut permeability and antioxidant/anti-inflammation activity) on muscle mass (assessed by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)), muscle function (by handgrip test, chair test, short physical performance battery (SPPB) test, and walking speed test), inflammation (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), C-reactive protein (CRP), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT)) and gut axis (by zonulin). A total of 59 participants (age 79.7 ± 4.8 years, body mass index 20.99 ± 2.12 kg/m2) were enrolled and randomly assigned to intervention (n = 30) or placebo (n = 28). The skeletal muscle index (SMI) significantly improved in the supplemented group compared to the placebo one, +1.02 (CI 95%: -0.77; 1.26), p = 0.001; a significant reduction in VAT was observed in the intervention group, -70.91 g (-13.13; -4.70), p = 0.036. Regarding muscle function, all the tests significantly improved (p = 0.001) in the supplemented group compared to the placebo one. CRP, zonulin, and TNF-alpha significantly decreased (p = 0.001) in intervention, compared to placebo, -0.74 mg/dL (CI 95%: -1.30; -0.18), -0.30 ng/mL (CI 95%: -0.37; -0.23), -6.45 pg/mL (CI 95%: -8.71; -4.18), respectively. This DS improves muscle mass and function, and the gut muscle has emerged as a new intervention target for sarcopenia. DOI: 10.3390/nu16091369 PMCID: PMC11085744 PMID: 38732615 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Evaluation of a Multimodal Stress Management and Comprehensive Lifestyle Modification Program on Quality of Life and Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients with Crohn's Disease: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial with 9-Month Follow-Up.

7. Digestion. 2024;105(3):201-212. doi: 10.1159/000536659. Epub 2024 Feb 13. Evaluation of a Multimodal Stress Management and Comprehensive Lifestyle Modification Program on Quality of Life and Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients with Crohn's Disease: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial with 9-Month Follow-Up. Bauer N(1)(2), Löffler C(3), Oeznur O(1)(2), Uecker C(1)(2), Schlee C(1)(2)(4), Adamczyk A(5), Elsenbruch S(6), Pfuhlmann K(1)(2), Reissmann R(1)(2), Westendorf A(7), Keil T(8)(9)(10), Langhorst J(1)(2). Author information: (1)Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany. (2)Department of Integrative Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Bamberg, Germany. (3)Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany, loeffler_c@ukw.de. (4)Department of Sociology, University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany. (5)Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. (6)Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany. (7)Department of Infectionimmunology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany. (8)Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. (9)State Institute of Health I, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Erlangen, Germany. (10)Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. INTRODUCTION: Stress and lifestyle factors impact the course of Crohn's disease (CD). Our primary objective was to assess whether patients with CD benefit from a mind-body-medicine stress management and lifestyle modification (MBM) program. METHODS: This 9-month two-arm pilot trial was conducted in Bamberg, Germany (2020-2021). Patients (18-75 years) with mild to moderate activity of CD and stable medication were enrolled and randomly assigned to either a 10-week MBM program (intervention group, IG) or a single 90-min education session (waiting list control group, CG). Primary endpoints were quality of life (IBDQ) and disease activity (HBI). Secondary endpoints were emotional distress, core self-evaluation, and inflammatory biomarkers 3 and 9 months after baseline assessment. RESULTS: We analyzed data from 37 patients (IG: n = 19, mean ± SD age 49.6 ± 13.1 years, 68% female; CG: 18, 46.8 ± 11.4, 67% female). Immediately after the intervention, 79% (IG) and 44% (CG) experienced a clinically relevant improvement (IBDQ score ≥16 points). This was similar after 9 months (63% vs. 44%). There was no difference in disease activity (3 months: p = 0.082, 95% CI -1.3 to 2.6; 9 months: p = 0.251, 95% CI -1.2 to 2.5). Secondary outcomes indicated improvements in emotional distress, core self-evaluation, erythrocyte sedimentation rate after three and in emotional distress, T-cell profiling in the blood, and fecal lactoferrin and calprotectin group after 9 months in the IG. CONCLUSION: Our study suggested benefits of a multimodal stress management and lifestyle modification program for patients with CD. Larger trials are needed to determine if the program can supplement or at least partially replace pharmacological treatment approaches. © 2024 S. Karger AG, Basel. DOI: 10.1159/000536659 PMID: 38350430 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Concurrent Ingestion of Alkaline Water and L-Glutamine Enhanced Salivary α-Amylase Activity and Testosterone Concentration in Boxing Athletes.

8. Nutrients. 2024 Feb 5;16(3):454. doi: 10.3390/nu16030454. Concurrent Ingestion of Alkaline Water and L-Glutamine Enhanced Salivary α-Amylase Activity and Testosterone Concentration in Boxing Athletes. Lu TL(1), He CS(2), Suzuki K(3), Lu CC(1), Wang CY(4), Fang SH(1). Author information: (1)Institute of Athletics, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung 404401, Taiwan. (2)Department of Athletic Sports, National Chung Cheng University, Minxiong 621301, Taiwan. (3)Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan. (4)Department of Combat Sports, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung 404401, Taiwan. Athletes often take sport supplements to reduce fatigue and immune disturbances during or after training. This study evaluated the acute effects of concurrent ingestion of alkaline water and L-glutamine on the salivary immunity and hormone responses of boxers after training. Twelve male boxing athletes were recruited in this study. During regular training, the participants were randomly divided into three groups and asked to consume 400 mL of alkaline water (Group A), 0.15 g/kg body weight of L-glutamine with 400 mL of water (Group G), and 0.15 g/kg of L-glutamine with 400 mL of alkaline water (Group A+G) at the same time each day for three consecutive weeks. Before and immediately after the training, saliva, heart rates, and the rate of perceived exertion were investigated. The activity of α-amylase and concentrations of lactoferrin, immunoglobulin A (IgA), testosterone, and cortisol in saliva were measured. The results showed that the ratio of α-amylase activity/total protein (TP) significantly increased after training in Group A+G but not in Group A or G, whereas the ratios of lactoferrin/TP and IgA/TP were unaffected in all three groups. The concentrations of salivary testosterone after training increased significantly in Group A+G but not in Group A or G, whereas the salivary cortisol concentrations were unaltered in all groups. In conclusion, concurrent ingestion of 400 mL of alkaline water and 0.15 g/kg of L-glutamine before training enhanced the salivary α-amylase activity and testosterone concentration of boxers, which would be beneficial for post-exercise recovery. DOI: 10.3390/nu16030454 PMCID: PMC10857026 PMID: 38337738 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Immunomodulatory effects of fucoidan in recreationally active adult males undertaking 3-weeks of intensified training.

9. J Sports Sci. 2023 Oct;41(20):1875-1882. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2024.2305007. Epub 2024 Jan 21. Immunomodulatory effects of fucoidan in recreationally active adult males undertaking 3-weeks of intensified training. Cox AJ(1)(2), Speer H(3), Radcliffe CR(3), Masocha K(1), Ramsey R(1), West NP(1)(2), Pyne DB(3). Author information: (1)Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia. (2)School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia. (3)Research Institute for Sport & Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia. The aim of the current study was to determine whether daily fucoidan supplementation (Undaria pinnatifida extract containing >85% fucoidan, 1 g/day) for three-weeks in a double blind-placebo controlled cross-over trial (ACTRN12621000872831) could modulate alterations in faecal (calprotectin, lysozyme and IgA) and salivary (lactoferrin, lysozyme and IgA) markers of mucosal immune competence typically observed in response to both acute physical activity, and a period of intensified exercise training, in healthy recreationally active men (n = 12). Participants responded positively to the intensified training with 16-19% improvement in mean power that was not different between supplement groups. Faecal biomarkers and concentrations of lactoferrin, lysozyme and IgA from resting saliva samples were largely stable over the supplementation period. Concentrations of salivary biomarkers varied significantly over time in response to acute exercise, however differences between supplementation groups were modest. For salivary lysozyme, there was a trend for a lower magnitude of increase post-exercise (p = 0.08) and limited return towards pre-exercise in response to fucoidan. For salivary IgA, a greater acute exercise response was noted for IgA in response to fucoidan (~2.7-fold higher; p = 0.02). Different dosage and supplementation protocols and inclusion of additional immune markers should be considered in subsequent assessments of any potential benefits of fucoidan supplementation in healthy active adults. DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2024.2305007 PMID: 38247026 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Lactoferrin as treatment for iron-deficiency anemia in children: a systematic review.

10. Turk J Pediatr. 2023;65(4):543-554. doi: 10.24953/turkjped.2022.670. Lactoferrin as treatment for iron-deficiency anemia in children: a systematic review. June D(1), Konstantin AT(1), Lumbanradja LA(1), Aryani A(2), Hengky A(2). Author information: (1)School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, North Jakarta, Indonesia. (2)Center of Health Research, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, North Jakarta, Indonesia. BACKGROUND: Anemia is a common nutritional problem in children, especially those under five. Lactoferrin (Lf) as a supplement in treating iron deficiency anemia (IDA) has been studied, but its results in children have not been reviewed. This review aims to evaluate the effect of lactoferrin on children with IDA. METHODS: PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCO and Ovid databases were searched using a variation of keywords: lactoferrin, anemia, and children. The literature selected must be clinical trial-based in design. The years of the studies published were limited to 2012 and 2022. RESULTS: Eleven studies were included in the final systematic review, consisting of 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 1 non-randomized trial. Serum ferritin (SF) and hemoglobin (Hb) were found to be increased in groups treated with Lf or a combination of Lf and elemental iron compared to iron only or placebo supplementation. Adverse events such as constipation, vomiting, anorexia, and abdominal pain were found; particularly, a significant decrease in constipation is seen in Lf-treated groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports Lf as a superior treatment for IDA in children regarding the improvement in hematological and iron indices and fewer adverse effects. DOI: 10.24953/turkjped.2022.670 PMID: 37661669 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Hen egg white bovine colostrum supplement reduces symptoms of mild/moderate COVID-19: a randomized control trial.

11. Future Sci OA. 2023 Jul 20;9(8):FSO882. doi: 10.2144/fsoa-2023-0024. eCollection 2023 Sep. Hen egg white bovine colostrum supplement reduces symptoms of mild/moderate COVID-19: a randomized control trial. Mann JK(1), Reddy T(2), van der Stok M(1), Ngubane A(1), Mulaudzi T(1), Mchunu N(2), Nevhungoni P(2), Manickchund N(3), Manickchund P(3), Louise Cairns CH(3), Govender V(4), Ndung'u T(1)(5)(6)(7), Suleman Moosa MY(3), Gosnell BI(3). Author information: (1)HIV Pathogenesis Programme, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa. (2)Biostatistics Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Durban, 4091, South Africa. (3)Department of Infectious Diseases, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa. (4)Aurum Institute, Johannesburg, 2194, South Africa. (5)Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, 4001, South Africa. (6)Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology & Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. (7)Division of Infection & Immunity, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK. AIM: The ability of a hen egg white bovine colostrum supplement to prevent severe COVID-19 was tested in a double-blind randomized control study. METHODS: Adults with mild/moderate COVID-19, risk factors for severe disease, and within 5 days of symptom onset were assigned to the intervention (n = 77) or placebo (n = 79) arms. Symptoms were documented until day 42 post-enrollment and viral clearance was assessed at 11-13 days post-symptom onset. RESULTS: One participant developed severe COVID-19. The severe-type symptom score was lower in the active arm at 11-13 days post-symptom onset (p = 0.049). Chest pain, fever/chills, joint pain/malaise, and sore throat were significantly less frequent in the active arm. No differences in viral clearance were observed. CONCLUSION: The intervention reduced symptoms of mild/moderate COVID-19. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: DOH-27-062021-9191 (South African National Clinical Trials Register). Plain Language Summary: Natural proteins found in milk (lactoferrin) and egg white (ovotransferrin and lysozyme) could have therapeutic value in COVID-19 through their effects on the immune system. We identified bovine colostrum and hen egg white powders containing adequate quantities of these proteins. We investigated whether short-term daily consumption of a hen egg white and bovine colostrum mixture (reconstituted with glycerin and water) could reduce the risk of progression to severe disease and assist in the recovery of patients with mild or moderate COVID-19. Adults with mild or moderate COVID-19 who were within 5 days of symptom onset and had risk factors for severe disease were enrolled, and randomly assigned to take a hen egg white and bovine colostrum mixture or placebo mixture twice daily for 5 days, and then followed up telephonically for 6 weeks. The main findings were that consumption of the hen egg white and bovine colostrum mixture was associated with fewer protocol-defined severe-type symptoms overall, and in particular lower frequencies of joint pain/malaise, chest pain, fever/chills, and sore throat. Only one individual developed severe COVID-19 and therefore the effect of the intervention on reducing the risk of progression to severe disease could not be assessed. The results of this study suggest that consumption of the hen egg white bovine colostrum mixture within a few days of symptom onset lessens symptoms in people with mild or moderate COVID-19. © 2023 The Authors. DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2023-0024 PMCID: PMC10445555 PMID: 37621850 Conflict of interest statement: The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

Effect of Lactoferrin on Clinical Outcomes of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: The LAC Randomized Clinical Trial.

12. Nutrients. 2023 Mar 4;15(5):1285. doi: 10.3390/nu15051285. Effect of Lactoferrin on Clinical Outcomes of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: The LAC Randomized Clinical Trial. Matino E(1)(2)(3), Tavella E(4)(5), Rizzi M(6), Avanzi GC(1)(3), Azzolina D(1), Battaglia A(7), Becco P(8), Bellan M(1)(3)(9), Bertinieri G(10), Bertoletti M(11), Casciaro GF(1)(2)(3), Castello LM(1)(12), Colageo U(13), Colangelo D(6), Comolli D(1), Costanzo M(1)(2)(3), Croce A(1)(2)(3), D'Onghia D(1), Della Corte F(1)(14), De Mitri L(15), Dodaro V(5), Givone F(11), Gravina A(16), Grillenzoni L(16), Gusmaroli G(17), Landi R(1)(2)(3), Lingua A(18), Manzoni R(7), Marinoni V(19), Masturzo B(20), Minisini R(1), Morello M(16), Nelva A(15), Ortone E(19), Paolella R(16), Patti G(1)(21), Pedrinelli A(1)(2)(3), Pirisi M(1)(2)(3)(9), Ravizzi L(11), Rizzi E(1)(2)(3), Sola D(1)(2), Sola M(16), Tonello N(16), Tonello S(1)(9), Topazzo G(15), Tua A(16), Valenti P(22), Vaschetto R(1)(14), Vassia V(1)(2)(3), Zecca E(1)(2)(3), Zublena N(23), Manzoni P(4)(5), Sainaghi PP(1)(2)(3)(9). Author information: (1)Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100 Novara, Italy. (2)Department of Internal Medicine and COVID-19 Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) "Maggiore della Carità", 28100 Novara, Italy. (3)Division of Emergency Medicine and COVID-19 Sub-Intensive Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) "Maggiore della Carità", 28100 Novara, Italy. (4)Department of Maternal-Infant Medicine, Ospedale degli Infermi, 13875 Ponderano, Italy. (5)Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (AOU) Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin School of Medicine, 10126 Turin, Italy. (6)Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100 Novara, Italy. (7)Division of Dermatology, Ospedale degli Infermi, 13875 Ponderano, Italy. (8)Division of Oncology, Ospedale degli Infermi, 13875 Ponderano, Italy. (9)CAAD, Center for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100 Novara, Italy. (10)Division of Internal Medicine, Ospedale degli Infermi, 13875 Ponderano, Italy. (11)Division of Pneumology, Ospedale degli Infermi, 13875 Ponderano, Italy. (12)Division of Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera "SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo", 15121 Alessandria, Italy. (13)Intensive Care Unit, Ospedale degli Infermi, 13875 Ponderano, Italy. (14)Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, AOU "Maggiore della Carità", 28100 Novara, Italy. (15)Division of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Ospedale degli Infermi, 13875 Ponderano, Italy. (16)Division of Emergency Medicine, Ospedale degli Infermi, 13875 Ponderano, Italy. (17)Division of Neurology, Ospedale degli Infermi, 13875 Ponderano, Italy. (18)Division of Infectious Disease, Ospedale degli Infermi, 13875 Ponderano, Italy. (19)Division of Geriatric Care, Ospedale degli Infermi, 13875 Ponderano, Italy. (20)Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ospedale degli Infermi, 13875 Ponderano, Italy. (21)Medical Department, Division of Cardiology, AOU "Maggiore della Carità", 28100 Novara, Italy. (22)Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome, La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy. (23)Division of Palliative Care, Ospedale degli Infermi, 13875 Ponderano, Italy. As lactoferrin is a nutritional supplement with proven antiviral and immunomodulatory abilities, it may be used to improve the clinical course of COVID-19. The clinical efficacy and safety of bovine lactoferrin were evaluated in the LAC randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. A total of 218 hospitalized adult patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 were randomized to receive 800 mg/die oral bovine lactoferrin (n = 113) or placebo (n = 105), both given in combination with standard COVID-19 therapy. No differences in lactoferrin vs. placebo were observed in the primary outcomes: the proportion of death or intensive care unit admission (risk ratio of 1.06 (95% CI 0.63-1.79)) or proportion of discharge or National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) ≤ 2 within 14 days from enrollment (RR of 0.85 (95% CI 0.70-1.04)). Lactoferrin showed an excellent safety and tolerability profile. Even though bovine lactoferrin is safe and tolerable, our results do not support its use in hospitalized patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19. DOI: 10.3390/nu15051285 PMCID: PMC10005739 PMID: 36904283 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Effects of Long-Term Supplementation of Bovine Colostrum on Iron Homeostasis, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Female Athletes: A Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

13. Nutrients. 2022 Dec 30;15(1):186. doi: 10.3390/nu15010186. Effects of Long-Term Supplementation of Bovine Colostrum on Iron Homeostasis, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Female Athletes: A Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Cieślicka M(1), Ostapiuk-Karolczuk J(2), Buttar HS(3), Dziewiecka H(2), Kasperska A(2), Skarpańska-Stejnborn A(2). Author information: (1)Department of Physiology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland. (2)Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Physical Culture in Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poznan University of Physical Education, Estkowskiego 13, 66-400 Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland. (3)Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada. Bovine colostrum supplementation has been suggested as a potential factor in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of six months of bovine colostrum supplement intake (3.2 g; four capsules/day) in highly trained female athletes on changes in oxidative stress level, inflammation, and iron metabolism biomarkers after intense exercise. In this study, 20 trained female athletes were recruited. Participants were divided into two groups: 11 in the bovine colostrum (6-month supplementation) and 9 in the placebo group (6-month placebo supplementation). All participants completed an intense exercise test at the beginning of the experiment and after six months post-treatment. Blood samples were taken before, following exercise, and after 3 h recovery. Compared to the placebo group, the colostrum group showed a significant decrease in TBARS level (p< 0.01) at all time points, whereas a marked increase was observed in IL-6 (p < 0.01; pre-exercise) and SOD activity (p < 0.01), and transferrin (p < 0.01; rest period) and lactoferrin (p < 0.05; post-exercise) levels. The results suggested that 6-months of bovine colostrum supplementation is beneficial in the reduction of the harmful effects produced by free radicals (ROS), oxidative stress, and inflammation. In consequence, alleviation of the inflammatory response by bovine colostrum supplementation may also cause positive action on iron homeostasis in female athletes. DOI: 10.3390/nu15010186 PMCID: PMC9824210 PMID: 36615842 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

Clinical Trials on Alternative Medicines for COVID-19.

14. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2022 Jun 29;295:366-369. doi: 10.3233/SHTI220740. Clinical Trials on Alternative Medicines for COVID-19. Jaber BA(1), Qureshi R(1), Abd-Alrazaq A(1), Rahman MA(2), Househ M(1), Shah Z(1), Alam T(1). Author information: (1)College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar. (2)Department of Petroleum Engineering, Texas A&M University, Doha, Qatar. In this study, we addressed the alternative medications that have been targeted in the clinical trials (CTs) to be evidenced as an adjuvant treatment against COVID-19. Based on the outcomes from CTs, we found that dietary supplements such as Lactoferrin, and Probiotics (as SivoMixx) can play a role enhancing the immunity thus can be used as prophylactics against COVID-19 infection. Vitamin D was proven as an effective adjuvant treatment against COVID-19, while Vitamin C role is uncertain and needs more investigation. Herbals such as Guduchi Ghan Vati can be used as prophylactic, while Resveratrol can be used to reduce the hospitalization risk of COVID-19 patients. On the contrary, there were no clinical improvements demonstrated when using Cannabidiol. This study is a part of a two-phase research study. In the first phase, we gathered evidence-based information on alternative therapeutics for COVID-19 that are under CT. In the second phase, we plan to build a mobile health application that will provide evidence based alternative therapy information to health consumers. DOI: 10.3233/SHTI220740 PMID: 35773886 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Lactoferrin for iron-deficiency anemia in children with inflammatory bowel disease: a clinical trial.

15. Pediatr Res. 2022 Sep;92(3):762-766. doi: 10.1038/s41390-022-02136-2. Epub 2022 Jun 9. Lactoferrin for iron-deficiency anemia in children with inflammatory bowel disease: a clinical trial. El Amrousy D(1), El-Afify D(2), Elsawy A(3), Elsheikh M(4), Donia A(4), Nassar M(4). Author information: (1)Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. doaa.moha@med.tanta.edu.eg. (2)Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. (3)Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. (4)Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. BACKGROUND: Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is common in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, oral iron supplements are commonly associated with poor compliance due to gastrointestinal side effects. We compared the effect of lactoferrin versus oral ferrous sulfate for the treatment of IDA in children with IBD. METHODS: Ninety-two IBD children with IDA were included but only 80 children completed the study and they were randomized into two groups: ferrous sulfate group (n = 40) who received ferrous sulfate 6 mg/kg/day for 3 months and lactoferrin group (n = 40) who received lactoferrin 100 mg/day for 3 months. Complete blood count, serum iron, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation (TS), serum ferritin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and hepcidin 25 were measured before and after the treatment. RESULTS: Hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume, serum iron, TS, and serum ferritin significantly increased, while TIBC decreased significantly after the administration of either ferrous sulfate or lactoferrin compared to their baseline data. In addition, lactoferrin significantly increased Hb, serum iron, TS, and serum ferritin compared to ferrous sulfate. Moreover, lactoferrin significantly decreased IL-6 and hepcidin levels. CONCLUSION: Lactoferrin is a promising effective treatment with fewer side effects than oral elemental iron in children with IBD and IDA. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered at www.pactr.org (PACTR202002763901803). IMPACT: Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is treated with oral iron therapy; however, oral iron supplements are commonly associated with poor compliance due to gastrointestinal side effects. To the best of our knowledge, our study was the first in pediatrics that compared the effect of lactoferrin versus oral ferrous sulfate as an iron supplement for the treatment of IDA in children with IBD. We found that lactoferrin is a promising effective treatment with fewer side effects than oral elemental iron in children with IBD and IDA. © 2022. The Author(s). DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02136-2 PMCID: PMC9556315 PMID: 35681097 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no competing interests.