올리브잎 (혈압)

Effects of a combination of olive leaf extract and potassium on blood pressure in participants with mild to moderate hypertension: A double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

1. Phytomedicine. 2026 Jun;155:158138. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2026.158138. Epub 2026 Mar 30. Effects of a combination of olive leaf extract and potassium on blood pressure in participants with mild to moderate hypertension: A double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Fladerer-Grollitsc

Efficacy of olive leaf extracts in controlling blood pressure in hypertensive patients: a double-blind randomized clinical trial.

2. J Hypertens. 2025 Nov 1;43(11):1878-1884. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000004141. Epub 2025 Sep 3. Efficacy of olive leaf extracts in controlling blood pressure in hypertensive patients: a double-blind randomized clinical trial. Lamti F(1), Trabelsi I(1), Dhaoui R(2), Hajji E(3), Amor BB(3), Sekma

The effect of olive leaf extract on cardiovascular health markers: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial.

3. Eur J Nutr. 2021 Jun;60(4):2111-2120. doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02397-9. Epub 2020 Oct 9. The effect of olive leaf extract on cardiovascular health markers: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Stevens Y(1)(2), Winkens B(3), Jonkers D(4), Masclee A(4). Author information: (1)Departm

Potential Herb-Drug Pharmacokinetic Interactions between African Wild Olive Leaf Extract and Selected Antihypertensive Drugs.

4. Planta Med. 2018 Aug;84(12-13):886-894. doi: 10.1055/a-0583-0543. Epub 2018 Mar 19. Potential Herb-Drug Pharmacokinetic Interactions between African Wild Olive Leaf Extract and Selected Antihypertensive Drugs. Mmopele K(1), Combrinck S(1)(2), Hamman J(3), Willers C(3), Chen W(1), Viljoen A(1

Olive leaf extract effect on cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

5. Nutr Rev. 2024 Dec 1;82(12):1710-1725. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad164. Olive leaf extract effect on cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Álvares AA(1), Garcêz A(1), Silva LT(2), Averbuch N(1), Garavaglia J(1). Author information: (1)N

Adjuvant treatment with an oleuropein-enriched olive leaf extract improves periodontal outcomes in older adults with periodontitis: Metabolomic insights from a randomized controlled trial.

1. Phytomedicine. 2026 Apr 19;156:158222. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2026.158222. Online ahead of print. Adjuvant treatment with an oleuropein-enriched olive leaf extract improves periodontal outcomes in older adults with periodontitis: Metabolomic insights from a randomized controlled trial. Forbes-Hernández TY(1), Vargas-Corral FG(1), Bullón B(2), Rivas-García L(1), Lipari V(3), Giampieri F(4), Grosso G(5), Battino M(6), Bullón P(2), Quiles JL(7). Author information: (1)Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Armilla, Spain. (2)Department of Stomatology, Dental School, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain. (3)Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres, 21, 39011 Santander, Spain. (4)Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres, 21, 39011 Santander, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Pietro Ranieri 65, Ancona, Italy; Joint Laboratory on Food Science, Nutrition, and Intelligent Processing of Foods, Polytechnic University of Marche, Italy, Universidad Europea del Atlántico Spain and Jiangsu University, China at the Polytechnic University of Marche, Italy; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China. (5)Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy. (6)Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres, 21, 39011 Santander, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Pietro Ranieri 65, Ancona, Italy; Joint Laboratory on Food Science, Nutrition, and Intelligent Processing of Foods, Polytechnic University of Marche, Italy, Universidad Europea del Atlántico Spain and Jiangsu University, China at the Polytechnic University of Marche, Italy; International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China. (7)Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Armilla, Spain; Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres, 21, 39011 Santander, Spain. Electronic address: jlquiles@ugr.es. BACKGROUND: Periodontitis is a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease in older adults, often linked to systemic conditions and metabolic alterations. Standardized plant extracts may provide consistent adjunctive therapeutic benefits. PURPOSE AND STUDY DESIGN: This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial (OLIVAGING; ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05482373) evaluated whether a standardized olive leaf extract enriched to 40 % oleuropein, given in addition to non-surgical periodontal therapy, improves clinical outcomes and modulates systemic metabolism. Sixty participants aged ≥50 years were randomized to receive either supplement or placebo for 120 days. Primary and secondary outcomes were probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL). Plasma metabolomics was performed using untargeted UHPLC-QTOF-MS. RESULTS: Forty-three participants completed the study (23 treatment, 20 placebo). Compared with placebo, the treatment group achieved greater reductions in ΔPPD and gains in ΔCAL across multiple tooth categories and surfaces. Metabolomic profiling revealed distinct Δ patterns, with 17 metabolites differing between groups. Several, including tentatively identified valine, cinnamic acid, 10‑hydroxy-2-decenoic acid, and cortisol, correlated with periodontal improvements, suggesting modulation of biological pathways related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and tissue homeostasis consistent with the know pharmacological effects of oleuropein. CONCLUSIONS: Adjunctive use of an oleuropein-enriched leaf extract improved clinical periodontal outcomes and modulated systemic metabolic signatures in older adults. The standardized extract ensured therapeutic consistency, while metabolomics provided mechanistic insights into host inflammatory and metabolic responses. Findings support further evaluation of plant-derived bioactives as safe, multi-target adjunctive strategies for periodontitis management. Copyright © 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier GmbH.. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2026.158222 PMID: 42061085 Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Oleuropein Supplementation Increases Resting Skeletal Muscle Fractional Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Activity but Does Not Influence Whole-Body Metabolism: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Trial in Healthy, Older Males.

2. J Nutr. 2025 May;155(5):1373-1386. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.02.015. Epub 2025 Feb 22. Oleuropein Supplementation Increases Resting Skeletal Muscle Fractional Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Activity but Does Not Influence Whole-Body Metabolism: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Trial in Healthy, Older Males. Pinckaers PJ(1), Petrick HL(2), Horstman AM(3), Moreno-Asso A(3), De Marchi U(3), Hendriks FK(1), Kuin LM(1), Fuchs CJ(1), Grathwohl D(4), Verdijk LB(1), Zorenc AH(1), Senden JM(1), Migliavacca E(5), Metairon S(6), Poquet L(6), Morin-Rivron D(6), Karagounis LG(7), Holloway GP(8), Feige JN(3), van Loon LJ(9). Author information: (1)Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands. (2)Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. (3)Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland. (4)Clinical Research Unit, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland. (5)Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland; Clinical Research Unit, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland. (6)Nestlé Institute of Food Safety and Analytical Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland. (7)Nestlé Health Science, Translation Research, Lausanne, Switzerland; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research (MMIHR), Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. (8)Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. (9)Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands. Electronic address: l.vanloon@maastrichtuniversity.nl. BACKGROUND: The polyphenol oleuropein activates mitochondrial calcium import, which increases pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity. Preclinically, this increase in PDH activity following oleuropein supplementation resulted in improved mitochondrial bioenergetics and fatigue resistance. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the effects of acute and chronic oleuropein supplementation on muscle energy metabolism, whole-body substrate metabolism, strength, and fatigue resistance in older males. METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 40 healthy older males (60 ± 5y) received either placebo (PLA) or 100 mg oleuropein from 250 mg olive leaf extract (OLE) supplementation daily for 36 d. On day 1 and day 36, muscle and blood samples were collected, and indirect calorimetry was performed before and ≤120 min following supplement intake. Leg strength and fatigue were measured before and after 29 d of supplementation. Results were analyzed using analysis of covariance or robust analysis of covariance. RESULTS: OLE ingestion on day 1 and day 36 increased plasma oleuropein metabolites (P < 0.001). On day 1, no differences were observed in muscle PDH activity, mitochondrial respiration, or whole-body substrate metabolism 120 min after acute OLE ingestion. Ribonucleic acid sequencing revealed upregulation of oxidative phosphorylation gene pathways (false discovery rate < 0.05), whereas PDH-Serine293-phosphorylation was higher after acute OLE compared with PLA ingestion (P = 0.015). Following chronic supplementation, fractional PDH activity was ∼25% greater in OLE compared with PLA (49 ± 14 compared with 38 ± 10%; P = 0.016) with no differences in absolute PDH activity and PDH-Serine293-phosphorylation between groups. Mitochondrial respiration and protein content, whole-body substrate metabolism, leg strength, and fatigue resistance were not different between OLE and PLA. Plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower after chronic OLE compared with PLA (P = 0.043), with no differences in other blood metabolic markers. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic OLE supplementation resulted in higher skeletal muscle fractional PDH activity in healthy, older males, which may impact resting energy metabolism. Acute or chronic oleuropein supplementation does not modulate skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration, muscle strength, muscle fatigue, or whole-body substrate metabolism. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT05217433. Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Inc. DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.02.015 PMID: 39993475 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Conflict of interest LJCvL reports that financial support and equipment, drugs, or supplies were provided by Société des Produits Nestlé. AMHH, AM-A, UDM, DG, EM, SM, LP, DM-R, LGK, and JNF report a relationship with Société des Produits Nestlé, Lausanne, Switzerland, that includes employment. GPH reports a relationship with the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada that includes funding grants. LGK reports relationships with Vital Proteins that includes board membership, NUUN that includes board membership, Liquid I.V. that includes board membership, RNWY that includes consulting or advisory, Nestlé Health Science that includes consulting or advisory, and Siftlink that includes board membership. UDM and JNF have patent compositions and methods to treat or prevent metabolic fatigue using the compound oleuropein or a metabolite thereof pending to Société des Produits Nestlé S.A. LJCvL and LBV have received research grants, consulting fees, speaking honoraria, or a combination of these for research on the impact of exercise and nutrition on muscle metabolism. A full overview of research funding is provided at: https://www.maastrichtuniversity.nl/l.vanloon. All other authors report no conflicts of interest.

Olive Leaf Extract Supplementation Improves Postmenopausal Symptoms: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Parallel Study on Postmenopausal Women.

3. Nutrients. 2024 Nov 14;16(22):3879. doi: 10.3390/nu16223879. Olive Leaf Extract Supplementation Improves Postmenopausal Symptoms: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Parallel Study on Postmenopausal Women. Imperatrice M(1), Lasfar A(1)(2), van Kalkeren CAJ(3), Troost F(3)(4). Author information: (1)BioActor BV, Gaetano Martinolaan 50, 6229 GS Maastricht, The Netherlands. (2)Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands. (3)Department of Human Biology, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands. (4)Food Innovation and Health, Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University, 5911 AA Venlo, The Netherlands. Menopause negatively impacts women's health. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether an olive leaf extract (OLE) improves postmenopausal symptoms, body composition, handgrip strength and blood lipid profile in postmenopausal women. In a randomized, double-blinded parallel study design, 60 healthy postmenopausal women aged 47-70 years received either OLE (250 mg/day) or placebo supplementation for 12 weeks. Postmenopausal symptoms were assessed with the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MENQoL), the Hot Flash Interference scale (HFI), and body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) with a DXA scan; the lipid profile was measured in the blood serum. After six and twelve weeks of OLE supplementation, the overall MENQoL score significantly improved (estimated mean difference [95% CI]: -0.2 [-0.4-0.2], p = 0.027) compared to the placebo. A significant improvement (+0.017 [0.003, 0.030], p = 0.019) was recorded in the BMD in the right arm in the OLE group compared to the placebo. The intervention did not affect other body composition outcomes. TG concentrations and the TG/HDL-C ratio were significantly decreased (-0.1 [-0.2, 0.0], p = 0.010; -0.1 [-0.2, -0.0], p = 0.029, respectively) in the OLE group compared to the placebo. Twelve weeks of daily OLE supplementation improved postmenopausal symptoms. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the observed effects. DOI: 10.3390/nu16223879 PMCID: PMC11597182 PMID: 39599665 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: M.I. and A.L. are employees of BioActor BV. M.I. is an inventor for a patent application of BioActor BV. All other authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Low Dose Monacolin K Combined with Coenzyme Q10, Grape Seed, and Olive Leaf Extracts Lowers LDL Cholesterol in Patients with Mild Dyslipidemia: A Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial.

4. Nutrients. 2023 Jun 9;15(12):2682. doi: 10.3390/nu15122682. Low Dose Monacolin K Combined with Coenzyme Q10, Grape Seed, and Olive Leaf Extracts Lowers LDL Cholesterol in Patients with Mild Dyslipidemia: A Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial. Angelopoulos N(1)(2), Paparodis RD(3)(4), Androulakis I(1)(5), Boniakos A(1), Argyrakopoulou G(1), Livadas S(1). Author information: (1)Endocrine Unit, Athens Medical Centre, 65403 Athens, Greece. (2)Private Practice, Venizelou Str., 65302 Kavala, Greece. (3)Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA. (4)Private Practice, Gerokostopoulou 24, 26221 Patra, Greece. (5)Private Practice, Tzanaki Emmanouil 17, 73134 Chania, Greece. Certain nutraceuticals, mainly containing red yeast rice, might be considered as an alternative therapy to statins in patients with dyslipidemia, although there is still insufficient evidence available with respect to long-term safety and effectiveness on cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the lipid-lowering activity and safety of a dietary supplement containing a low dose of monacolin K combined with coenzyme Q10, grape seed and olive tree leaf extracts in patients with mild hypercholesterolemia. In total, 105 subjects with mild hypercholesterolemia (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol LDL-C levels 140-180 mg/dL) and low CV risk were randomly assigned into three treatment groups: lifestyle modification (LM), LM plus a low dosage of monacolin K (3 mg), and LM plus a high dosage of monacolin K (10 mg) and treated for 8 weeks. The primary endpoint was the reduction of LDL-C and total cholesterol (TC). LDL-C decreased by 26.46% on average (p < 0.001) during treatment with 10 mg of monacolin and by 16.77% on average during treatment with 3 mg of monacolin (p < 0.001). We observed a slight but significant reduction of the triglyceride levels only in the high-dose-treated group (mean -4.25%; 95% CI of mean -11.11 to 2.61). No severe adverse events occurred during the study. Our results confirm the LDL-C-lowering properties of monacolin are clinically meaningful even in lower doses of 3 mg/day. DOI: 10.3390/nu15122682 PMCID: PMC10303004 PMID: 37375586 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Effects of Totum-63 on glucose homeostasis and postprandial glycemia: a translational study.

5. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Jun 1;320(6):E1119-E1137. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00629.2020. Epub 2021 May 3. Effects of Totum-63 on glucose homeostasis and postprandial glycemia: a translational study. Chavanelle V(1), Otero YF(1), Le Joubioux F(2), Ripoche D(1), Bargetto M(2), Vluggens A(1), Montaurier C(3), Pickering G(4)(5), Ducheix G(4)(5), Dubray C(4)(5), Dualé C(4)(5), Boulliau S(4)(5), Macian N(4)(5), Marceau G(6), Sapin V(6), Dutheil F(7), Guigas B(8), Maugard T(9), Boisseau N(10), Cazaubiel M(2), Peltier SL(2), Sirvent P(1). Author information: (1)Valbiotis R&D Riom Center, Riom, France. (2)Valbiotis R&D Perigny Center, Périgny, France. (3)Human Nutrition Unit, INRA Research Center, Clermont-Ferrand, France. (4)CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre d'Investigation Clinique, Clermont-Ferrand, France. (5)INSERM, Clermont-Ferrand, France. (6)Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France. (7)Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Preventive and Occupational Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France. (8)Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. (9)La Rochelle Université - LIENSs UMR CNRS 7266, La Rochelle, France. (10)Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France. Global prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is rising and may affect 700 million people by 2045. Totum-63 is a polyphenol-rich natural composition developed to reduce the risk of T2D. We first investigated the effects of Totum-63 supplementation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice for up to 16 wk and thereafter assessed its safety and efficacy (2.5 g or 5 g per day) in 14 overweight men [mean age 51.5 yr, body mass index (BMI) 27.6 kg·m-2] for 4 wk. In HFD-fed mice, Totum-63 reduced body weight and fat mass gain, whereas lean mass was unchanged. Moreover, fecal energy excretion was higher in Totum-63-supplemented mice, suggesting a reduction of calorie absorption in the digestive tract. In the gut, metagenomic analyses of fecal microbiota revealed a partial restoration of HFD-induced microbial imbalance, as shown by principal coordinate analysis of microbiota composition. HFD-induced increase in HOMA-IR score was delayed in supplemented mice, and insulin response to an oral glucose tolerance test was significantly reduced, suggesting that Totum-63 may prevent HFD-related impairments in glucose homeostasis. Interestingly, these improvements could be linked to restored insulin signaling in subcutaneous adipose tissue and soleus muscle. In the liver, HFD-induced steatosis was reduced by 40% (as shown by triglyceride content). In the subsequent study in men, Totum-63 (5 g·day-1) improved glucose and insulin responses to a high-carbohydrate breakfast test (84% kcal carbohydrates). It was well tolerated, with no clinically significant adverse events reported. Collectively, these data suggest that Totum-63 could improve glucose homeostasis in both HFD-fed mice and overweight individuals, presumably through a multitargeted action on different metabolic organs.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Totum-63 is a novel polyphenol-rich natural composition developed to reduce the risk of T2D. Totum-63 showed beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis in HFD-fed mice, presumably through a multitargeted action on different metabolic organs. Totum-63 was well tolerated in humans and improved postprandial glucose and insulin responses to a high-carbohydrate breakfast test. DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00629.2020 PMCID: PMC8285600 PMID: 33938234 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: One or more authors are employed by Valbiotis. Valbiotis has designed and patented Totum-63. None of the other authors has any conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, to disclose.

Effect of a Combination of Citrus Flavones and Flavanones and Olive Polyphenols for the Reduction of Cardiovascular Disease Risk: An Exploratory Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study in Healthy Subjects.

6. Nutrients. 2020 May 19;12(5):1475. doi: 10.3390/nu12051475. Effect of a Combination of Citrus Flavones and Flavanones and Olive Polyphenols for the Reduction of Cardiovascular Disease Risk: An Exploratory Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study in Healthy Subjects. Sánchez Macarro M(1), Martínez Rodríguez JP(2)(3), Bernal Morell E(4), Pérez-Piñero S(1), Victoria-Montesinos D(1), García-Muñoz AM(1), Cánovas García F(1), Castillo Sánchez J(3)(5), López-Román FJ(1). Author information: (1)Health Sciences Department, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Campus de los Jerónimos, E-30107 Murcia, Spain. (2)Health Sciences Ph.D. Program, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Campus de los Jerónimos, E-30107 Murcia, Spain. (3)Research and Development Department, Nutrafur iff-Health, E-30820 Murcia, Spain. (4)Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Reina Sofia, E-30003 Murcia, Spain. (5)Food Technology & Nutrition Department, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), E-30107 Murcia, Spain. A single-center, randomized, double-blind controlled trial was conducted to assess the efficacy of a food supplement based on a combination of grapefruit, bitter orange, and olive extracts administered for eight weeks (n = 51) versus placebo (n = 45) on reduction of cardiovascular risk in healthy volunteers. Study variables included flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), blood pressure (BP), lipid profile, thrombotic status, oxidative stress biomarkers, inflammation-related biomarkers, anthropometric variables, quality of life, and physical activity. The per-protocol data set was analyzed. In the active product group, there were statistically significant within-group differences at eight weeks as compared with baseline in FMD, systolic and diastolic BP, total cholesterol, LDL-C, LDL-oxidase, oxidized/reduced glutathione ratio, protein carbonyl, and IL-6. Significant between-group differences in these variables were also found. Significant changes in anthropometric variables and quality of life were not observed in the study groups. Changes in the level of physical activity were not recorded. Treatment with the active product was well tolerated. All these findings, taken together, support a beneficial effect of supplementation with a mixture of grapefruit, bitter orange fruits, and olive leaf extracts on underlying mechanisms that may interact each other to decrease the cardiovascular risk in healthy people. DOI: 10.3390/nu12051475 PMCID: PMC7284884 PMID: 32438719 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

The Effect of Olive Leaf Extract on Upper Respiratory Illness in High School Athletes: A Randomised Control Trial.

7. Nutrients. 2019 Feb 9;11(2):358. doi: 10.3390/nu11020358. The Effect of Olive Leaf Extract on Upper Respiratory Illness in High School Athletes: A Randomised Control Trial. Somerville V(1), Moore R(2), Braakhuis A(3). Author information: (1)Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand. vsom721@aucklanduni.ac.nz. (2)Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand. rachel.moore1710@gmail.com. (3)Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand. a.braakhuis@auckland.ac.nz. Upper respiratory illness (URI) has a major impact on both training and competition in an athletic setting. High school athletes are a sub-category who have reported higher illness rates than professional and sub-elite high school athletes of the same sport. Olive leaf extract (OLE) is an over-the-counter supplement that contains polyphenols, notably oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol, that have antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that may reduce URI rates. Thirty-two high school students who play sport for the elite team at their school were recruited to a randomised controlled trial and allocated to a daily placebo or OLE (extent equivalent to 20 g of olive leaf, containing 100 mg oleuropein) supplementation for nine weeks during their competitive season. Twice weekly measures of wellbeing, training load and respiratory illness (sporting upper respiratory illness (SUPPRESS) questionnaire) were recorded at trainings, meetings or games. There was no significant difference in illness incidence (odds ratio (OR): 1.02 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.21⁻4.44)), but there was a significant 28% reduction in sick days (OR: 0.72 (95% CI 0.56⁻0.93) p-value = 0.02) when supplemented with OLE. The dietary intakes of the athletes were sub-optimal with regard to immune support. OLE supplementation over a season did not significantly reduce URI incidence, but did decrease duration in high school athletes, potentially aiding return to play. DOI: 10.3390/nu11020358 PMCID: PMC6412187 PMID: 30744092 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study, in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript or in the decision to publish the results.

Human Intervention Study to Assess the Effects of Supplementation with Olive Leaf Extract on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Gene Expression.

8. Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Dec 2;17(12):2019. doi: 10.3390/ijms17122019. Human Intervention Study to Assess the Effects of Supplementation with Olive Leaf Extract on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Gene Expression. Boss A(1), Kao CH(2)(3), Murray PM(4), Marlow G(5), Barnett MP(6), Ferguson LR(7)(8). Author information: (1)Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. abos517@aucklanduni.ac.nz. (2)Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. ben.kao@auckland.ac.nz. (3)Auckland Cancer Research Society, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. ben.kao@auckland.ac.nz. (4)Auckland Cancer Research Society, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. p.murray@auckland.ac.nz. (5)Institute of Medical Genetics, UHW Main Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3XQ, UK. MarlowG@cardiff.ac.uk. (6)Food Nutrition & Health Team, Food & Bio-Based Products Group, AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand. matthew.barnett@agresearch.co.nz. (7)Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. l.ferguson@auckland.ac.nz. (8)Auckland Cancer Research Society, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. l.ferguson@auckland.ac.nz. Olive leaf extract (OLE) has been used for many years for its putative health benefits, but, to date, scientific evidence for the basis of these effects has been weak. Although recent literature has described a link between ailments such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancer and a protective effect of polyphenols in the OLE, the mode of action is still unclear. Here, we describe a double-blinded placebo (PBO)-controlled trial, in which gene expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy male volunteers (n = 29) were analysed to identify genes that responded to OLE, following an eight-week intervention with 20 mL daily consumption of either OLE or PBO. Differences between groups were determined using an adjusted linear model. Subsequent analyses indicated downregulation of genes important in inflammatory pathways, lipid metabolism and cancer as a result of OLE consumption. Gene expression was verified by real-time PCR for three genes (EGR1, COX-2 and ID3). The results presented here suggest that OLE consumption may result in health benefits through influencing the expression of genes in inflammatory and metabolic pathways. Future studies with a larger study group, including male and female participants, looking into direct effects of OLE on lipid metabolism and inflammation are warranted. DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122019 PMCID: PMC5187819 PMID: 27918443 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funding sponsors had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, and in the decision to publish the results.

Antihypertensive potential of combined extracts of olive leaf, green coffee bean and beetroot: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial.

9. Nutrients. 2014 Nov 5;6(11):4881-94. doi: 10.3390/nu6114881. Antihypertensive potential of combined extracts of olive leaf, green coffee bean and beetroot: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Wong RH(1), Garg ML(2), Wood LG(3), Howe PR(4). Author information: (1)Clinical Nutrition Research Centre and Nutraceuticals Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. rachel.wong@newcastle.edu.au. (2)Clinical Nutrition Research Centre and Nutraceuticals Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. manohar.garg@newcastle.edu.au. (3)Clinical Nutrition Research Centre and Nutraceuticals Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. lisa.wood@newcastle.edu.au. (4)Clinical Nutrition Research Centre and Nutraceuticals Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. peter.howe@newcastle.edu.au. Extracts of olive leaf, green coffee bean and beetroot may deliver cardiovascular benefits. This study sought to evaluate the effects of regularly consuming a combination of these extracts on blood pressure (BP), arterial compliance, blood lipids, blood glucose and insulin sensitivity. A double-blind randomised placebo-controlled crossover trial was conducted in adults with untreated high normal or borderline elevated BP. They were randomised to take an active supplement, comprising 500 mg olive leaf extract, 100 mg green coffee bean extract and 150 mg beet powder, or a matching placebo twice daily for six weeks, followed by the alternate supplement for a further six weeks. Assessments of 24-h ambulatory BP (ABP), clinic BP arterial compliance (pulse-wave analysis), blood lipids, blood glucose and insulin were obtained at baseline and at the end of each treatment phase. Baseline clinic BP in 37 overweight middle-aged men and women who completed the trial averaged 145/84 mmHg. There was no significant effect of treatment on ABP or any other outcome measure. The failure to confirm prior evidence of the antihypertensive benefits of these extracts emphasises the importance of placebo control and the value of ABP monitoring. Further dose-response evaluation of olive leaf, green coffee bean or beetroot extracts is required to confirm or refute the purported benefits. DOI: 10.3390/nu6114881 PMCID: PMC4245569 PMID: 25379688 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Zero effect of multiple dosage of olive leaf supplements on urinary biomarkers of oxidative stress in healthy humans.

10. Nutrition. 2009 Mar;25(3):270-80. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2008.08.008. Epub 2008 Oct 23. Zero effect of multiple dosage of olive leaf supplements on urinary biomarkers of oxidative stress in healthy humans. Kendall M(1), Batterham M, Obied H, Prenzler PD, Ryan D, Robards K. Author information: (1)Charles Sturt University, School of Wine and Food Sciences, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia. OBJECTIVE: We determined the effect of dietary supplementation with an olive leaf capsule or liquid extract on oxidative status of young and healthy male and female subjects. METHODS: This was a single-center, randomized, single-blinded, prospective pilot comparison of the effect of dietary supplementation with olive leaf extracts. Healthy young adult male and female subjects (n = 45) were randomized into three groups and received daily doses of control, capsule, or liquid extract of olive leaf. Urinary F(2 alpha)-isoprostane, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, and Folin-Ciocalteu total reducing power were measured to assess the impact of supplementation. RESULTS: Baseline values (mean +/- standard deviation) of the biomarkers were 0.24 +/- 0.13 microg, 9.16 +/- 2.94 microg, and 424.9 +/- 121.4 mg of gallic acid equivalents per gram of creatinine, respectively, for the control group. Using these markers, supplementation with liquid or capsule did not alter oxidative status compared with the control group. Possible reasons for the lack of an observed correlation are presented. CONCLUSION: Dietary supplementation with olive leaf extract did not alter the oxidative status of healthy young adults. DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2008.08.008 PMID: 18947980 [Indexed for MEDLINE]