임산부 DHA
Prenatal DHA
📚 관련 논문 (18편)
1. Nutr Res. 2024 Aug;128:82-93. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.06.008. Epub 2024 Jul 3. Docosahexaenoic Acid and Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Association with Improved Maternal and Fetal Health. Bilgundi K(1), Viswanatha GL(1), Purushottam KM(2), John J(1), Kamath AP(1),
2. Dev Psychobiol. 2025 Sep;67(5):e70072. doi: 10.1002/dev.70072. Effects of Prenatal DHA Dose on Infant Visual Attention. Colombo J(1), Shaddy DJ(2), Mathis N(2), Christifano DN(2), Brown AR(3), Gajewski BJ(3), Carlson SE(2), Gustafson KM(4). Author information: (1)Department of Psychology and
3. J Nutr. 2024 May;154(5):1540-1548. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.03.004. Epub 2024 Mar 6. Maternal and Offspring Fatty Acid Desaturase Variants, Prenatal DHA Supplementation, and Dietary n-6:n-3 Fatty Acid Ratio in Relation to Cardiometabolic Health in Mexican Children. Wimalasena ST(1), Ramírez
4. Am J Clin Nutr. 2023 Dec;118(6):1123-1132. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.10.005. Epub 2023 Oct 14. Effects of prenatal docosahexaenoic acid supplementation on offspring cardiometabolic health at 11 years differs by maternal single nucleotide polymorphism rs174602: follow-up of a randomized contr
5. Nutrients. 2021 Aug 27;13(9):2996. doi: 10.3390/nu13092996. The Influence of Prenatal DHA Supplementation on Individual Domains of Behavioral Functioning in School-Aged Children: Follow-Up of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Gould JF(1)(2), Anderson PJ(3)(4), Yelland LN(1)(5), Gibson RA(1)(6),
6. Clin Nutr. 2021 Oct;40(10):5339-5345. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.08.026. Epub 2021 Sep 11. Maternal FADS2 single nucleotide polymorphism modified the impact of prenatal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation on child neurodevelopment at 5 years: Follow-up of a randomized clinical trial. Go
7. J Nutr. 2021 Nov 2;151(11):3339-3349. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxab276. Infant Metabolome in Relation to Prenatal DHA Supplementation and Maternal Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism rs174602: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial in Mexico. Tandon S(1), Gonzalez-Casanova I(2)(3), Barraza-Vil
8. Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep). 2016 Oct;(224):1-826. doi: 10.23970/AHRQEPCERTA224. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Maternal and Child Health: An Updated Systematic Review. Newberry SJ(1), Chung M(1), Booth M(1), Maglione MA(1), Tang AM(1), O'Hanlon CE(1), Wang DD(1), Okunogbe A(1), Huang C(1), M
1. J Trop Pediatr. 2026 Feb 9;72(2):fmag019. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmag019. Effect of high-docosahexaenoic acid omega-3 supplementation in low-risk pregnant women on maternal and neonatal health outcomes in Southeast Brazil: a randomized clinical trial. de Sousa TM(1), Cotting CSO(2), Ferreira LA(3), Osanan GC(4), Dos Santos LC(2). Author information: (1)Social Nutrition Department, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 20550-013, Brazil. (2)Nutrition Department, Federal University Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30120-010, Brazil. (3)Jenny de Andrade Faria Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30120-010, Brazil. (4)Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30120-010, Brazil. Despite well-documented benefits of omega-3 for maternal and child health, evidence on high-docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation in low-risk pregnant women is limited. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted among low-risk pregnant women aged 20-40 years at 22-24 weeks of gestation to evaluate the effects of high-DHA omega-3 supplementation on maternal and neonatal health outcomes. The control group (CG, n = 30) received oral olive oil supplementation, and the intervention group (IG, n = 30) received omega-3 [1700 mg, 260 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and 1440 mg of DHA] for ∼16 weeks or until delivery. Maternal and neonatal health outcomes were collected by telephone 15 days after delivery. Forty-five pregnant women completed the study (IG: 20; CG: 25). Adherence to supplementation was above 90% and did not differ between groups (P > .05). There were no differences between groups in mean gestational age (CG: 39.3 ± 1.6; IG: 39.2 ± 1.6; P = .877), adequate gestational weight gain (CG: 24.0%; IG: 50.0%; P = .088), adequate gestational BMI before delivery (CG: 33.3%; IG: 27.8%; P = .261), vaginal delivery (CG: 72.0%; IG: 60.0%; P = .396), full-term birth (CG: 92%; IG: 90%; P = .815), adequate weight (CG: 91.3%; IG: 94.7%; P = .237), and adequate length for gestational age (CG: 82.6%; IG: 100%; P = .056). Omega-3 supplementation with a higher concentration of DHA had no effect on the maternal and neonatal health outcomes investigated in a Brazilian sample of low-risk pregnant women. Further studies are needed to evaluate this effect in pregnant women at higher nutritional risk and with low dietary intake of omega-3. © The Author(s) [2026]. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmag019 PMID: 41847904 [Indexed for MEDLINE]
2. Eur J Pediatr. 2025 Mar 12;184(4):243. doi: 10.1007/s00431-025-06053-4. Can prenatal conditions impact the effect of omega-3 on bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very preterm infants? A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Rais H(1), Pronovost E(1), Guillot M(1), Boutin A(1), Simonyan D(2), Mohamed I(3), Lavoie PM(4), Piedboeuf B(1), Marc I(5). Author information: (1)Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada. (2)Clinical and Evaluative Research Platform, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada. (3)Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada. (4)Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. (5)Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada. isabelle.marc@crchudequebec.ulaval.ca. To explore whether prenatal conditions (i.e. chorioamnionitis, preeclampsia or small-for-gestational age (SGA)) affect the very preterm infant's response to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), according to mode of delivery, an independent factor shown to modulate this association. Secondary exploratory analysis of the MOBYDIck randomized controlled trial (NCT02371460) evaluating the effect of a neonatal high-dose DHA supplementation through maternal breastmilk compared to placebo. Population was preterm infants born before 29 weeks of gestation in sixteen Canadian neonatal intensive care units. Primary outcome was physiological BPD based on pulse oximetry assessment. Secondary outcomes included "death or BPD"; "moderate-or-severe" BPD; severe BPD; death from any causes. Heterogeneity in the effect of DHA on outcomes was assessed by prenatal conditions and mode of delivery using generalized estimating equation logistic regression models. The trial intended to enroll 800 mothers but was stopped early for safety, likely making subgroup analysis underpowered. 230 mothers (271 infants) were included in DHA group and 226 mothers (252 infants) in placebo group. The association between high-dose DHA and BPD differed by chorioamnionitis status (heterogeneity P=0.04). In infants exposed to chorioamnionitis and vaginal delivery, DHA supplementation was associated with a reduced risk of physiological BPD (adjusted odds ratio, 0.18 [95% CI, 0.05 to 0.62], P=0.007). No heterogeneity was found by maternal preeclampsia (heterogeneity P=0.44) nor SGA status (heterogeneity P=0.17). CONCLUSION: This secondary analysis generated hypotheses for a potential differential effect of neonatal enteral high-dose DHA supplementation on BPD in very preterm infants according to chorioamnionitis exposure. WHAT IS KNOWN: • The MOBYDIck trial reported a potential protective effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation on bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in infants born vaginally, but not in those born via cesarean section. • Placenta pathologies are associated with inflammation in the infants and could affect the very preterm infant's response to a high-dose DHA supplementation on BPD according to the mode of delivery. WHAT IS NEW: • This study suggests that, in infants born very preterm before 29 weeks of gestation, the association between enteral high-dose DHA supplementation in neonatal period and BPD at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age differ according to the maternal status for chorioamnionitis at delivery. © 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. DOI: 10.1007/s00431-025-06053-4 PMID: 40072608 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Declarations. Ethics approval: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research ethics board of each participating site approved the trial protocol of the MOBYDIck trial before recruitment (CHU de Québec-Université Laval; MP-20-2015-2144/B14-09-2144-21; November 27th, 2014). An amendment for these secondary analyses was granted by the Comité d’éthique de la recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (MP-20-2015-2144/B14-09-2144-21; form F1H-62294 approved on November 7th, 2021). Consent to participate: Informed consent was obtained from all participating mothers. Consent for publication: Not applicable Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
3. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2024 May;63(5):586-591. doi: 10.1002/uog.27584. Maternal supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid does not cause constriction of fetal ductus arteriosus: randomized controlled trial. Zielinsky P(1)(2), Alves DR(1), Foresti JDÁ(1), Guimarães DB(1), Zucatti KP(1), Vian I(1). Author information: (1)Fetal Cardiology Unit, Institute of Cardiology, Porto Alegre, Brazil. (2)Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. OBJECTIVE: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is recommended routinely in pregnancy to promote fetal development. DHA has anti-inflammatory activity, but its effects on the fetal heart and circulation are unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether maternal DHA supplementation in the third trimester affects maternal prostaglandin levels and fetal ductus arteriosus flow dynamics. METHODS: This was a double-blind randomized controlled trial with parallel groups conducted between 2018 and 2021. Pregnant women aged over 18 years with a normal fetus at 27-28 weeks' gestation showing no cardiac/extracardiac anomalies or ductal constriction were eligible for the trial. Women consuming substances with a known inhibitory effect on prostaglandin metabolism, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and polyphenol-rich foods, were excluded. The intervention group received oral supplementation of omega-3 with 450 mg/day of DHA for 8 weeks and the placebo group received capsules of soy lecithin for 8 weeks. Anthropometric measurements, assessment of polyphenol and omega-3 consumption, fetal morphological ultrasound examination, fetal Doppler echocardiographic examination and blood sample collection were performed at the start of the study and the latter two were repeated at follow-up. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) level and echocardiographic parameters were compared between the intervention and placebo groups and between baseline and follow-up. RESULTS: A total of 24 participants were included in each group. After 8 weeks, there were no significant differences between the intervention and placebo groups in maternal serum PGE2 level or Doppler echocardiographic parameters of ductal flow. No case of ductus arteriosus constriction was observed. The expected intragroup changes in cardiac morphology, as a result of advancing gestation, were present. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal DHA supplementation in the third trimester at a clinically recommended dose did not result in inhibition of PGE2 or constriction of the ductus arteriosus. These findings should be confirmed in postmarket surveillance studies with larger patient numbers in order to test the full safety profile of DHA and provide robust clinical reassurance. © 2024 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. © 2024 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. DOI: 10.1002/uog.27584 PMID: 38214544 [Indexed for MEDLINE]
4. Nutrients. 2023 Oct 16;15(20):4388. doi: 10.3390/nu15204388. Effects of Varied Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Postpartum Mental Health and the Association between Prenatal Erythrocyte Omega-3 Fatty Acid Levels and Postpartum Mental Health. Harauma A(1), Yoshihara H(2), Hoshi Y(3), Hamazaki K(4), Moriguchi T(1)(3). Author information: (1)Laboratory for Functional Lipid Science, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan. (2)Japan Community Health Care Organization, Sagamino Hospital, 1-2-30 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara 252-0206, Japan. (3)Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Science, Department of Food and Life Science, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan. (4)Department of Public Health, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan. We investigated the postpartum mental health of women who had consumed perilla oil or fish oil containing various omega-3 fatty acids for 12 weeks starting in mid-pregnancy. The association between fatty acids in maternal erythrocytes and mental health risk factors was also examined. Healthy Japanese primiparas in mid-pregnancy (gestational weeks 18-25) were randomly divided into two groups and consumed approximately 2.0 g/day of omega-3 fatty acids in either perilla oil (the ALA dose was 2.4 g/day) or fish oil (the EPA + DHA dose was 1.7 g/day) for 12 weeks. Maternal mental health was assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as the primary measure and the Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS) as the secondary measure. Data from an observational study were used as a historical control. Maternal blood, cord blood, and colostrum samples were collected for fatty acid composition analysis. In addition, completers of the observational studies were enrolled in a case-control study, wherein logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between maternal fatty acids and EPDS score. The proportion of participants with a high EPDS score (≥9) was significantly lower in the perilla oil group (12.0%, p = 0.044) but not in the fish oil group (22.3%, p = 0.882) compared with the historical control (21.6%), while the proportions between the former groups also tended to be lower (p = 0.059). No marked effect of omega-3 fatty acid intake was observed from the MIBS results. In the case-control study of the historical control, high levels of α-linolenic acid in maternal erythrocytes were associated with an EPDS score of <9 (odds ratio of 0.23, 95% confidence interval: 0.06, 0.84, p = 0.018 for trend). The results of this study suggest that consumption of α-linolenic acid during pregnancy may stabilize postpartum mental health. DOI: 10.3390/nu15204388 PMCID: PMC10610328 PMID: 37892462 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: A.H. and T.M. belong to an endowment course of Ota Oil Co., Ltd. and Nissui Corporation. The funders had no role in the design of the study, in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.
5. Contemp Clin Trials. 2023 Sep;132:107279. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2023.107279. Epub 2023 Jul 3. Growth and adiposity in newborns study (GAINS): The influence of prenatal DHA supplementation protocol. Hull HR(1), Gajewski BJ(2), Sullivan DK(3), Carson SE(3). Author information: (1)Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States of America. Electronic address: hhull@kumc.edu. (2)Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States of America. (3)Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States of America. BACKGROUND: Obesity and central fat mass (FM) accrual drive disease development and are related to greater morbidity and mortality. Excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) increases fetal fat accretion resulting in greater offspring FM across the lifespan. Studies associate greater maternal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels with lower offspring FM and lower visceral adipose tissue during childhood, however, most U.S. pregnant women do not consume an adequate amount of DHA. We will determine if prenatal DHA supplementation is protective for body composition changes during infancy and toddlerhood in offspring exposed to excessive GWG. METHODS AND DESIGN: Infants born to women who participated in the Assessment of DHA on Reducing Early Preterm Birth randomized controlled trial (ADORE; NCT02626299) will be invited to participate. Women were randomized to either a high 1000 mg or low 200 mg daily prenatal DHA supplement starting in the first trimester of pregnancy. Offspring body composition and adipose tissue distribution will be measured at 2 weeks, 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Maternal GWG will be categorized as excessive or not excessive based on clinical guidelines. DISCUSSION: Effective strategies to prevent obesity development are lacking. Exposures during the prenatal period are important in the establishment of the offspring phenotype. However, it is largely unknown which exposures can be successfully targeted to have a meaningful impact. This study will determine if prenatal DHA supplementation modifies the relationship between maternal weight gain and offspring FM and FM distribution at 24 months of age. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The University of Kansas Medical Center Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved the study protocol (STUDY00140895). The results of the trial will be disseminated at conferences and in peer reviewed publications. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03310983. Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc. DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2023.107279 PMCID: PMC10852997 PMID: 37406769 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
6. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2023 Feb;53:93-99. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.12.004. Epub 2022 Dec 6. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake estimated from a 7-question survey identifies pregnancies most likely to benefit from high-dose DHA supplementation. Christifano DN(1), Crawford SA(2), Lee G(3), Brown AR(4), Camargo JT(5), Kerling EH(2), Gajewski BJ(4), Valentine CJ(6), Gustafson KM(7), DeFranco EA(8), Carlson SE(9). Author information: (1)The University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Kansas City, KS, USA; The University of Kansas Medical Center, Hoglund Biomedical Imaging Center, Kansas City, KS, USA. (2)The University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Kansas City, KS, USA. (3)The University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kansas City, KS, USA. (4)The University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, Kansas City, KS, USA. (5)The University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Kansas City, KS, USA; The University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Urology, Kansas City, KS, USA. (6)Banner University Medical Center, The University of Arizona, Department of Pediatrics, Tucson, AZ, USA. (7)The University of Kansas Medical Center, Hoglund Biomedical Imaging Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; The University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Kansas City, KS, USA. (8)The University of Cincinnati, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cincinnati, OH, USA. (9)The University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Kansas City, KS, USA. Electronic address: scarlson@kumc.edu. BACKGROUND: Two randomized trials found women with low blood docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; an omega 3 fatty acid) had fewer early preterm births (<34 weeks gestation) if they were assigned to high dose DHA supplementation, however, there is currently no capacity for clinicians who care for pregnancies to obtain a blood assessment of DHA. Determining a way to identify women with low DHA intake whose risk could be lowered by high dose DHA supplementation is desired. OBJECTIVE: To determine if assessing DHA intake can identify pregnancies that benefit from high dose DHA supplementation. STUDY DESIGN: This secondary analysis used birth data from 1310 pregnant women who completed a 7-question food frequency questionnaire (DHA-FFQ) at 16.8 ± 2.5 weeks gestation that is validated to assess DHA status. They were then randomly assigned to a standard (200 mg/day) or high dose (800 or 1000 mg/day) DHA supplement for the remainder of pregnancy. Bayesian logistic regressions were fitted for early preterm birth and preterm birth as a function of DHA intake and assigned DHA dose. RESULTS: Participants who consumed less than 150 mg/day DHA prior to 20 weeks' gestation (n = 810/1310, 58.1%) had a lower Bayesian posterior probability (pp) of early preterm birth if they were assigned to high dose DHA supplementation (1.4% vs 3.9%, pp = 0.99). The effect on preterm birth (<37 weeks) was also significant (11.3% vs 14.8%, pp = 0.97). CONCLUSION: The DHA-FFQ can identify pregnancies that will benefit most from high dose DHA supplementation and reduce the risk of preterm birth. The DHA-FFQ is low burden to providers and patients and could be easily implemented in obstetrical practice. Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.12.004 PMCID: PMC9852746 PMID: 36657936 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of competing interest SEC has received honorariums for presentations about DHA in infancy and pregnancy. KMG was the PI of R01HD086001. SEC, BJG and CJV were PIs of R01HD083292, CJV was an employee of RB Nutrition, which produces infant formulas and supplements with DHA at the time the study was conducted, however, RB was not involved in the study execution or analysis. She conducted this study through her role as an Adjunct Professor at The University of Cincinnati. The other authors have no competing interests.
7. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2023 Jul;201(7):3152-3161. doi: 10.1007/s12011-022-03411-3. Epub 2022 Sep 8. Docosahexaenoic Acid Effect on Prenatal Exposure to Arsenic and Atopic Dermatitis in Mexican Preschoolers. Figueroa-Garduño I(1), Escamilla-Núñez C(2), Barraza-Villarreal A(1), Hernández-Cadena L(1), Onofre-Pardo EN(3), Romieu I(1). Author information: (1)Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Morelos, Cuernavaca, México. (2)Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Morelos, Cuernavaca, México. mescamilla@insp.mx. (3)Departamento de Ingeniería en Sistemas Ambientales, Instituto Politécnico Nacional: Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Ciudad de Mexico, México. Childhood atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and recurrent health problem that involves multiple factors, particularly immunological and environmental. We evaluated the impact of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation on prenatal arsenic exposure on the risk of atopic dermatitis in preschool children as part of the POSGRAD (Prenatal Omega-3 fatty acid Supplements, GRowth, And Development) clinical trial study in the city of Morelos, Mexico. Our study population included 300 healthy mother-child pairs. Of these, 146 were in the placebo group and 154 in the supplement group. Information on family history, health, and other variables was obtained through standardized questionnaires used during follow-up. Prenatal exposure to arsenic concentrations, which appear in maternal urine, was measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. To assess the effect of prenatal arsenic exposure on AD risk, we ran a generalized estimating equation model for longitudinal data, adjusting for potential confounders, and testing for interaction by omega-3 fatty acid supplementation during pregnancy. The mean and SD (standard deviation) of arsenic concentration during pregnancy was 0.06 mg/L, SD (0.04 mg/L). We found a marginally significant association between prenatal arsenic exposure and AD (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.99, 1.26); however, DHA supplementation during pregnancy modified the effect of arsenic on AD risk (p < 0.05). The results of this study strengthen the evidence that arsenic exposure during pregnancy increases the risk of atopic dermatitis early in life. However, supplementation with omega-e fatty acids during pregnancy could modify this association. © 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03411-3 PMID: 36074245 [Indexed for MEDLINE]
8. Am J Clin Nutr. 2022 Sep 2;116(3):820-832. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac147. Prenatal choline supplementation improves biomarkers of maternal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) status among pregnant participants consuming supplemental DHA: a randomized controlled trial. Klatt KC(1)(2)(3), McDougall MQ(1), Malysheva OV(1), Taesuwan S(1)(4), Loinard-González AAP(1), Nevins JEH(1), Beckman K(1), Bhawal R(5), Anderson E(5), Zhang S(5), Bender E(1), Jackson KH(6), King DJ(7), Dyer RA(7), Devapatla S(8), Vidavalur R(8), Brenna JT(9), Caudill MA(1). Author information: (1)Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA. (2)Children's Nutrition Research Center, Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. (3)Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA. (4)Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. (5)Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA. (6)OmegaQuant Analytics, LLC, Sioux Falls, SD, USA. (7)The Analytical Core for Metabolomics and Nutrition, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. (8)Cayuga Medical Center, Ithaca, NY, USA. (9)Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA. BACKGROUND: Dietary methyl donors (e.g., choline) support the activity of the phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) pathway, which generates phosphatidylcholine (PC) molecules enriched in DHA that are exported from the liver and made available to extrahepatic tissues. OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the effect of prenatal choline supplementation on biomarkers of DHA status among pregnant participants consuming supplemental DHA. METHODS: Pregnant participants (n = 30) were randomly assigned to receive supplemental choline intakes of 550 mg/d [500 mg/d d0-choline + 50 mg/d deuterium-labeled choline (d9-choline); intervention] or 25 mg/d (25 mg/d d9-choline; control) from gestational week (GW) 12-16 until delivery. All participants received a daily 200-mg DHA supplement and consumed self-selected diets. Fasting blood samples were obtained at baseline, GW 20-24, and GW 28-32; maternal/cord blood was obtained at delivery. Mixed-effects linear models were used to assess the impact of prenatal choline supplementation on maternal and newborn DHA status. RESULTS: Choline supplementation (550 vs. 25 mg/d) did not achieve a statistically significant intervention × time interaction for RBC PC-DHA (P = 0.11); a significant interaction was observed for plasma PC-DHA and RBC total DHA, with choline supplementation yielding higher levels (+32-38% and +8-11%, respectively) at GW 28-32 (P < 0.05) and delivery (P < 0.005). A main effect of choline supplementation on plasma total DHA was also observed (P = 0.018); its interaction with time was not significant (P = 0.068). Compared with controls, the intervention group exhibited higher (P = 0.007; main effect) plasma enrichment of d3-PC (d3-PC/total PC). Moreover, the ratio of d3-PC to d9-PC was higher (+50-67%; P < 0.001) in the choline intervention arm (vs. control) at GW 20-24, GW 28-32, and delivery. CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal choline supplementation improves hepatic DHA export and biomarkers of DHA status by bolstering methyl group supply for PEMT activity among pregnant participants consuming supplemental DHA. This trial is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03194659. © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac147 PMCID: PMC9437984 PMID: 35575618 [Indexed for MEDLINE]
9. Nutrients. 2021 Nov 26;13(12):4248. doi: 10.3390/nu13124248. Higher-Dose DHA Supplementation Modulates Immune Responses in Pregnancy and Is Associated with Decreased Preterm Birth. Valentine CJ(1), Khan AQ(2), Brown AR(3), Sands SA(4), Defranco EA(5), Gajewski BJ(3), Carlson SE(4), Reber KM(6), Rogers LK(2)(7). Author information: (1)Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. (2)Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA. (3)Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA. (4)Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA. (5)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA. (6)Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. (7)Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. Pregnancy and parturition involve extensive changes in the maternal immune system. In our randomized, multi-site, double-blind superiority trial using a Bayesian adaptive design, we demonstrated that 1000 mg/day of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was superior to 200 mg/day in preventing both early preterm birth (less than 34 weeks' gestation) and preterm birth (less than 37 weeks' gestation). The goal of this secondary study is to compare the effects of 1000 mg/day versus 200 mg/day on maternal inflammation, a possible mechanism by which DHA may prevent preterm birth. Maternal blood samples were collected at enrollment (12-20 weeks' gestation) and at delivery. Red blood cell DHA levels were measured by gas chromatography, and plasma concentrations of sRAGE, IL-6, IL-1β, TNFα, and INFγ were measured by ELISA. Data were analyzed for associations with the DHA dose, gestational age at birth, and preterm birth (<37 weeks). Higher baseline and lower delivery levels of maternal sRAGE were associated with a greater probability of longer gestation and delivery at term gestation. Higher-dose DHA supplementation increased the probability of a smaller decrease in delivery sRAGE levels. Higher IL-6 concentrations at delivery were associated with the probability of delivering after 37 weeks, and higher-dose DHA supplementation increased the probability of greater increases in IL-6 concentrations between enrollment and delivery. These data provide a proposed mechanistic explanation of how a higher dose of DHA during pregnancy provides immunomodulatory regulation in the initiation of parturition by influencing sRAGE and IL-6 levels, which may explain its ability to reduce the risk of preterm birth. DOI: 10.3390/nu13124248 PMCID: PMC8703393 PMID: 34959801 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
10. Pediatr Res. 2022 Jul;92(1):255-264. doi: 10.1038/s41390-021-01742-w. Epub 2021 Sep 22. Prenatal docosahexaenoic acid effect on maternal-infant DHA-equilibrium and fetal neurodevelopment: a randomized clinical trial. Gustafson KM(1)(2), Christifano DN(3)(4), Hoyer D(5), Schmidt A(5)(6), Carlson SE(4), Colombo J(7), Mathis NB(3), Sands SA(4), Chollet-Hinton L(8), Brown AR(8), Mudaranthakam DP(8), Gajewski BJ(8). Author information: (1)Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA. kgustafson@kumc.edu. (2)Hoglund Biomedical Imaging Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA. kgustafson@kumc.edu. (3)Hoglund Biomedical Imaging Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA. (4)Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA. (5)Biomagnetic Center, Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany. (6)Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany. (7)Department of Psychology, Schiefelbusch Institute for Life Span Studies, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA. (8)Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA. INTRODUCTION: Maternal-infant equilibrium occurs when cord blood docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is less than or equal to maternal DHA at delivery. Equilibrium may be an indicator of sufficient DHA for optimal fetal and infant neurodevelopment. The purpose of this study was to test the effect of maternal DHA supplementation on equilibrium status and fetal neurodevelopment. METHODS: Women enrolled between 12 and 20 weeks gestation and were randomized to 200 or 800 mg DHA/day until delivery. Maternal red blood cell (RBC) phospholipids were measured at enrollment, 32 weeks, delivery, and in cord blood at delivery. Fetal neurodevelopment was measured at 32 and 36 weeks gestation. Intent-to-treat analyses were conducted to test differences in equilibrium status by group. Fetal outcomes were assessed by equilibrium status and group. RESULTS: Three hundred women enrolled and 262 maternal-infant dyads provided blood samples at delivery. No maternal-infant dyads with maternal RBC-DHA ≤ 6.96% at delivery achieved equilibrium. The incidence of equilibrium was significantly higher in the 800 mg group. There was no effect of maternal group or equilibrium status on fetal neurodevelopment. CONCLUSION: The significance of maternal-infant DHA equilibrium remains unknown. Ongoing research will test the effect of treatment group, equilibrium, and nutrient status on infant behavior and brain function. IMPACT: Pregnant women who received a higher dose of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were more likely to achieve maternal-infant DHA equilibrium at delivery. Equilibrium status had no effect on fetal neurodevelopment in this sample. While DHA is crucial for early life neurodevelopment, the significance of achieving maternal-infant equilibrium above the lower threshold is uncertain. There is a lower threshold of maternal DHA status where maternal-infant DHA equilibrium never occurs. The lack of equilibrium associated with low maternal DHA status may indicate insufficient maternal status for optimal placental transfer. © 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to the International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc. DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01742-w PMCID: PMC8456398 PMID: 34552200 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Conflict of interest statement: S.E.C. and J.C. have received honorariums for presentations about DHA in infancy and pregnancy. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.
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